Peptidoglycan and muramyl dipeptide from Staphylococcus aureus induce the expression of VEGF-A in human limbal fibroblasts with the participation of TLR2-NFκB and NOD2-EGFR
| Autor: | Sandra Rodríguez-Martínez, Mario E. Cancino-Diaz, Juan C. Cancino-Diaz, Marco A. Juárez-Verdayes |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
Staphylococcus aureus Time Factors Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Peptidoglycan Limbus Corneae Biology Microbiology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience chemistry.chemical_compound NOD2 parasitic diseases NOD1 Humans RNA Messenger Eye Proteins Receptor Cells Cultured Dose-Response Relationship Drug Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction NF-kappa B Fibroblasts Flow Cytometry Molecular biology Toll-Like Receptor 2 Sensory Systems ErbB Receptors body regions Vascular endothelial growth factor Ophthalmology TLR2 Gene Expression Regulation chemistry Lipoteichoic acid Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine Muramyl dipeptide |
| Zdroj: | Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology. 251:53-62 |
| ISSN: | 1435-702X 0721-832X |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s00417-012-2130-5 |
| Popis: | Keratitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus often leads to Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)-dependent neovascularization, but contribution of peptidoglycan (PGN), muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) from S. aureus to VEGF-dependent neovascularization has not been well-studied. This work was focused on the analysis of S. aureus cell wall components in the production of VEGF family members (VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C and VEGF-D) in ocular limbal fibroblasts. Primary culture of human limbal fibroblasts (PCHLFs) were stimulated with PGN, MDP, and LTA, and VEGF family; toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1), and NOD2 expression were determined by RT-PCR. Anti-TLR2 antibody, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling inhibitors (AG1478 and PD98059), and NFκB activation were used to analyze VEGF-A by ELISA. TLR2 and NOD1 expression were analyzed by flow cytometry. The stimulation of PCHLFs with PGN and MDP increased the levels of VEGF-A expression (mRNA and protein) in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. VEGF-B, VEGF-C and VEGF-D were expressed constitutively, and no further induction was observed in stimulated PCHLFs. LTA did not increase the expression levels of the VEGF family. TLR2 mRNA and protein were increased only when PCHLFs were stimulated with PGN. Treatment with an anti-TLR2 antibody blocked the interaction of PGN with the receptor, inhibiting VEGF-A over-expression; the presence of anti-TLR2 antibodies did not affect the over-production of VEGF-A after MDP treatment. PCHLFs stimulated with PGN and MDP, but not with LTA, activated NFκB. MDP stimulated the production of NOD1 and NOD2 mRNAs in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner, and NOD2 protein was only increased by MDP. Treatment of PCHLFs with AG1478 and PD98059 inhibitors prior to stimulation with MDP resulted in the inhibition of VEGF-A over-production, compared with PCHLFs stimulated with MDP alone. Taken together, these results suggest that limbal fibroblasts produce VEGF-A through PGN-TLR2-NFκB and MDP-NOD2-EGFR. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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