Chemical and Phase Reactions on the Contact between Refractory Materials and Slags, a Case from the 19th Century Zn-Pb Smelter in Ruda S´ la˛ska, Poland
| Autor: | Rafał Warchulski, Mateusz Dulski, Krzysztof Kupczak, Dorota Środek |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
lead
Materials science lcsh:Mineralogy lcsh:QE351-399.2 metallurgy Metallurgy zinc Slag Geology Electron microprobe Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Amorphous solid law.invention Aluminosilicate law visual_art Phase (matter) refractory material Smelting visual_art.visual_art_medium smelting Crystallization Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry slags |
| Zdroj: | Minerals Volume 10 Issue 11 Minerals, Vol 10, Iss 1006, p 1006 (2020) |
| Popis: | Slags from the historic metallurgy of Zn-Pb ores are known for unique chemical and phase compositions. The oxides, silicates, aluminosilicates, and amorphous phases present therein often contain in the structure elements that are rare in natural conditions, such as Zn, Pb, As. The study focuses on processes occurring on the contact of the melted batch and the refractory materials that build the furnace, which lead to the formation of these phases. To describe them, chemical (X-ray fluorescence (XRF), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)) and petrological ((X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe micro-analyses (EPMA), Raman spectroscopy) analyses were performed on refractory material, slag, and contact of both. Two main types of reactions have been distinguished: gas/fluid- refractories and liquid- refractories. The first of them enrich the refractories with elements that migrate with the gas (Pb, K, Na, As, Zn) and transport the components building it (Fe, Mg, Ca) inward. Reactions between melted batch and refractory materials through gravitational differentiation and the melting of refractories lead to the formation of an aluminosilicate liquid with a high content of heavy elements. Cooling of this melt causes crystallization of minerals characteristic for slag, but with a modified composition, such as Fe-rich pyroxenes, Pb-rich K-feldspar, or PbO-As2O3-SiO2 glass. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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