| Autor: |
Emily, Namara-Lugolobi, Zikulah, Namukwaya, Maxensia, Owor, Joseph, Ouma, Joyce, Namale-Matovu, Clemensia, Nakabiito, Christopher, Ndugwa, Mary Glenn, Fowler, Phillipa, Musoke |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2022 |
| Předmět: |
|
| Zdroj: |
African Health Sciences; Vol. 22 No. 2 (2022): Special Issue: Makerere@100; 22-33. |
| ISSN: |
1680-6905 |
| Popis: |
Background: Over 90% of new paediatric HIV infections are acquired through mother to child transmission. Prevention of mother to child HIV transmission (PMTCT) research in sub-Saharan Africa informed WHO guidelines which enabled implementation of PMTCT programs globally. Objectives: To describe Makerere University-Johns Hopkins University (MU-JHU) perinatal HIV prevention research and implementation of the Mulago National Referral Hospital (MNRH) PMTCT program. Methods: Perinatal HIV prevention studies conducted at MU-JHU between 1997–2016 were summarized. Program aggregated data was extracted and analyzed using STATA 15. Results: In 1999, the HIVNET 012 study demonstrated that single-dose nevirapine (sdNVP) to the mother at onset of labor and to her newborn, reduced MTCT by nearly 50%. In 2016, the PROMISE study documented the safety and efficacy of ART during pregnancy and breastfeeding period. Program implementation at MNRH started in 2000. Uptake of HIV testing increased from 70% to 99% from 2006 onwards. sd NVP was the initial ARV regimen but by 2012, MOH recommended Option B+(triple therapy). MTCT rates reduced from 16.9% in 2001 to 2.3% in 2020. Conclusion: Perinatal HIV prevention clinical trials conducted at MU-JHU provided evidence to inform WHO PMTCT guidelines. MNRH program evaluation demonstrated the significant decline in MTCT rates over the last two decades. Keywords: PMTCT Research; PMTCT Program; sub-Saharan Africa. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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