Neurotoxicity, Behavior, and Lethal Effects of Cadmium, Microplastics, and Their Mixtures on Pomatoschistus microps Juveniles from Two Wild Populations Exposed under Laboratory Conditions―Implications to Environmental and Human Risk Assessment
| Autor: | Luis R. Vieira, Lúcia Guilhermino, Tiago F. S. Miranda |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Microplastics
microplastics Aché cadmium Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 0211 other engineering and technologies lcsh:Medicine chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences Biology Risk Assessment 01 natural sciences Article Pomatoschistus Lethal Dose 50 Animal science environmental and human risk assessment Rivers estuarine fish neurotoxicity medicine Animals Humans Bioassay 0105 earth and related environmental sciences 021110 strategic defence & security studies Cadmium Behavior Animal Portugal behavior lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Neurotoxicity medicine.disease biology.organism_classification inter-population variability language.human_language median lethal concentrations Perciformes chemistry Toxicity Acetylcholinesterase language Neurotoxicity Syndromes Estuaries Antagonism Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Volume 16 Issue 16 International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 16, Iss 16, p 2857 (2019) |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijerph16162857 |
| Popis: | Microplastics (MPs) were found to modulate the toxicity of other pollutants but the knowledge on the topic is still limited. The goals of this study were to investigate the short-term toxicity of cadmium (Cd) to wild Pomatochistus microps juveniles, the potential modulation of acute Cd toxicity by 1&ndash 5 µ m polyethylene MPs in this species, and possible differences of sensitivity to Cd and MPs-Cd mixtures between juveniles from two distinct wild populations. Juveniles were collected in the estuaries of Minho (M-est) and Lima (L-est) Rivers (NW Portugal). One 96 h bioassay with M-est juveniles and another one with L-est juveniles were carried out in laboratory conditions. Each bioassay had 12 treatments: control, 5 Cd concentrations, 1 MPs concentration, and 5 MPs-Cd mixtures. No significant differences in Cd-induced mortality between juveniles from distinct estuaries or between juveniles exposed to Cd alone and those exposed to MPs-Cd mixtures were found. The total 96h LC10 and LC50 of Cd alone were 2 mg/L (95% CI: 0&ndash 4 mg/L) and 8 mg/L (95% CI: 2&ndash 17 mg/L), respectively. Cd alone significantly decreased the post-exposure predatory performance (PEPP) of M-est (&ge 6 mg/L) and L-est juveniles (&ge 3 mg/L), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity of M-est juveniles (13 mg/L). MPs alone (0.14 mg/L) significantly reduced the PEPP and AChE activity of L-est juveniles but not of M-est juveniles. MPs-Cd mixtures (3&ndash 13 mg/L of Cd + 0.14 mg/L of MPs) significantly inhibited the PEPP of juveniles from both estuaries and AChE of L-est estuary juveniles but not of M-est juveniles. Evidences of toxicological interactions, namely antagonism, between MPs and Cd were found. Overall, the results indicate that MPs modulated the sub-lethal toxic effects of Cd in wild P. microps juveniles, especially neurotoxicity. Moreover, the environmental conditions of the natural habitats to which juveniles were exposed during pre-developmental phases influence the sub-lethal toxicity of Cd, MPs, and their mixtures. The implications to environmental and human risk assessment are discussed and further research is needed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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