Mimicking the natural doping of migrant sandpipers in sedentary quails:effects of dietary n-3 fatty acids on muscle membranes and PPAR expression
| Autor: | Simba Nagahuedi, Jason T. Popesku, Jean-Michel Weber, Vance L. Trudeau |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Physiology Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Gene Expression Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Aquatic Science Avian Proteins Charadriiformes Membrane Lipids chemistry.chemical_compound Internal medicine Fatty Acids Omega-3 medicine Animals Citrate synthase Colinus Carnitine Molecular Biology Phospholipids Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics chemistry.chemical_classification biology Muscles Fatty acid Peroxisome Eicosapentaenoic acid Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Endocrinology chemistry Docosahexaenoic acid Flight Animal Insect Science Mitochondrial Membranes biology.protein Animal Migration Female lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins) Animal Science and Zoology Arachidonic acid Oxidation-Reduction medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Experimental Biology. 212:1106-1114 |
| ISSN: | 1477-9145 0022-0949 |
| Popis: | SUMMARY Wild semipalmated sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) eat n-3 fatty acids to prime their muscles for long migrations. Sedentary bobwhite quails(Colinus virginianus) were used as a model to investigate the mechanisms for this natural doping. Our goal was to characterize the stimulating effects of n-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and n-3 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on oxidative capacity. Mechanisms linked to changes in membrane composition and in gene expression for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) were investigated. Dietary n-3 fatty acids stimulated the activities of oxidative enzymes by 58–90% (citrate synthase, cytochrome oxidase, carnitine palmitoyl transferase and hydroxyacyl dehydrogenase), and sedentary quails showed the same changes in membrane composition as sandpipers preparing for migration. EPA and DHA have the same doping effect. The substitution of n-6 arachidonic acid by n-3 EPA in membrane phospholipids plays an important role in mediating the metabolic effects of the diet, but results provide no significant support for the involvement of PPARs (as determined by changes in gene expression). The fatty acid composition of mitochondrial membranes and sarcoplasmic reticulum can be monitored by measuring total muscle phospholipids because all phospholipids are equally affected by diet. Only extreme regimes of endurance training can lead to increments in oxidative capacity matching those induced here by diet. As they prepare for long migrations, semipalmated sandpipers improve their physical fitness by eating! Choosing n-3 fatty acid doping over endurance training strikes us as a better strategy to boost aerobic capacity when rapid storage of energy is critical. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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