Green synthesis and evaluation of silver nanoparticles as adjuvant in rabies veterinary vaccine
| Autor: | Razieh Bigdeli, Alireza Janani, Fahimeh Baghbani-Arani, Rouzbeh Bashar, Seyed Attaollah Sadat Shandiz, Vahid Asgary, Mohammad Sadeq Khosravy, Reza Ahangari Cohan, Alireza Shoari |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Veterinary medicine medicine.medical_treatment Pharmaceutical Science Metal Nanoparticles 02 engineering and technology medicine.disease_cause Silver nanoparticle chemistry.chemical_compound Mice Rabies vaccine X-Ray Diffraction International Journal of Nanomedicine Drug Discovery Alum adjuvant Original Research Eucalyptus green synthesis General Medicine 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Silver nitrate Female 0210 nano-technology Adjuvant medicine.drug Materials science Silver Rabies Biophysics Bioengineering Biomaterials 03 medical and health sciences Dogs Adjuvants Immunologic adjuvant medicine Potency Animals rabies virus Plant Extracts Organic Chemistry Lethal dose Rabies virus Green Chemistry Technology Plant Leaves 030104 developmental biology chemistry Rabies Vaccines Microscopy Electron Scanning Spectrophotometry Ultraviolet nanoparticles |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Nanomedicine |
| ISSN: | 1178-2013 |
| Popis: | Vahid Asgary,1,2 Alireza Shoari,1 Fahimeh Baghbani-Arani,3 Seyed Ataollah Sadat Shandiz,4 Mohammad Sadeq Khosravy,5 Alireza Janani,1 Razieh Bigdeli,6 Rouzbeh Bashar,1 Reza Ahangari Cohan1,7 1Virology Research Group, Department of Rabies, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 2Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 3Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Biological Science, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, 4Young Researchers and Elite Club, East Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, 5Department of Laboratory of Animal Sciences, Pasteur Institute of Iran, 6Department of Genetic, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, 7New Technologies Research Group, Department of Pilot Nanobiotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Background: Green synthesis of nanoparticles by plant extracts plays a significant role in different applications. Recently, several studies were conducted on the use of nanoparticles as adjuvant. The main aim of this study was to evaluate green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as adjuvant in rabies veterinary vaccine and compare the results with the existing commercially available alum adjuvant.Materials and methods: In the current study, AgNPs were prepared by the reduction of aqueous silver nitrate by leaf extract of Eucalyptus procera. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by ultraviolet (UV)–visible spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and X-ray diffraction analysis. Then, different amounts of AgNPs (200µg, 400µg, 600µg, and 800µg) were added to 1mL of inactivated rabies virus. The loaded vaccines (0.5mL) were injected intraperitoneally into six Naval Medical Research Institute mice in each group on days 1 and 7. On the 15th day, the mice were intracerebrally challenged with 0.03mL of challenge rabies virus (challenge virus strain-11, 20 lethal dose [20 LD50]), and after the latency period of rabies disease in mice (5days), the mice were monitored for 21days. Neutralizing antibodies against rabies virus were also investigated using the rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test method. The National Institutes of Health test was performed to determine the potency of optimum concentration of AgNPs as adjuvant. In vitro toxicity of AgNPs was assessed in L929 cell line using MTT assay. In addition, in vivo toxicity of AgNPs and AgNPs-loaded vaccine was investigated according to the European Pharmacopeia 8.0.Results: AgNPs were successfully synthesized, and the identity was confirmed by UV–visible spectrophotometry and X-ray diffraction analysis. The prepared AgNPs were spherical in shape, with an average size of 60nm and a negative zeta potential of -14mV as determined by dynamic light scattering technique. The highest percentage of viability was observed at 15mg/kg and 20mg/kg of AgNPs-loaded vaccine concentrations after injecting into the mice. The calculated potencies for alum-containing vaccine and AgNPs-loaded vaccine (dose 15mg/kg) were 1.897 and 1.303, respectively. MTT assay demonstrated that alum at the concentration of 10mg/mL was toxic, but AgNPs were not toxic. The in vivo toxicity also elucidated the safety of AgNPs and AgNPs-loaded vaccine in mice and dogs, respectively.Conclusion: In the current study, for the first time, the adjuvanticity effect of green synthesized AgNPs on veterinary rabies vaccine potency with no in vivo toxicity was elucidated according to the European Pharmacopeia 8.0. Keywords: green synthesis, nanoparticles, rabies virus, adjuvant |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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