Design of minimum nonlinear distortion reconfigurable antennas for next-generation communication systems
| Autor: | Luis Jofre-Roca, Lluis Pradell, Bedri A. Cetiner, Germán Augusto Ramírez Arroyave, Antoni Barlabe, Javier Leonardo Araque Quijano |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. RF&MW - Grup de Recerca de sistemes, dispositius i materials de RF i microones, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. ANTENNALAB - Grup d'Antenes i Sistemes Radio |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Reconfigurable antennas
Computer science Antenna design Antesnes de microones PIN diode 02 engineering and technology x-parameters Communications system lcsh:Chemical technology Biochemistry Article Analytical Chemistry law.invention 03 medical and health sciences nonlinear characterization Microwave antennas law behavioral modelling 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Electronic engineering lcsh:TP1-1185 Electrical and Electronic Engineering Instrumentation 030304 developmental biology antenna design 0303 health sciences Reconfigurable antenna reconfigurable parasitic layers antenna optimization X-Parameters 020206 networking & telecommunications Nonlinear characterization Enginyeria de la telecomunicació [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] Power margin Reconfigurable parasitic layers Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics Nonlinear system X-parameters Antenna optimization Nonlinear distortion reconfigurable antennas Antenna (radio) Behavioral modelling Electrical efficiency |
| Zdroj: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) Sensors, Vol 21, Iss 2557, p 2557 (2021) Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Sensors Volume 21 Issue 7 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/s21072557 |
| Popis: | Nonlinear effects in the radio front-end can degrade communication quality and system performance. In this paper we present a new design technique for reconfigurable antennas that minimizes the nonlinear distortion and maximizes power efficiency through the minimization of the coupling between the internal switching ports and the external feeding ports. As a nonlinear design and validation instance, we present the nonlinear characterization up to 50 GHz of a PIN diode commonly used as a switch for reconfigurable devices in the microwave band. Nonlinear models are extracted through X-parameter measurements supported by accurate calibration and de-embedding procedures. Nonlinear switch models are validated by S-parameter measurements in the low power signal regime and by harmonic measurements in the large-signal regime and are further used to predict the measured nonlinearities of a reconfigurable antenna. These models have the desired particularity of being integrated straightforwardly in the internal multi-port method formulation, which is used and extended to account for the power induced on the switching elements. A new figure of merit for the design of reconfigurable antennas is introduced—the power margin, that is, the power difference between the fed port and the switching elements, which combined with the nonlinear load models directly translates into nonlinearities and power-efficiency-related metrics. Therefore, beyond traditional antenna aspects such as port match, gain, and beam orientation, switch power criteria are included in the design methodology. Guidelines for the design of reconfigurable antennas and parasitic layers of minimum nonlinearity are provided as well as the inherent trade-offs. A particular antenna design suitable for 5G communications in the 3.5 GHz band is presented according to these guidelines, in which the specific switching states for a set of target performance metrics are obtained via a balancing of the available figures of merit with multi-objective separation criteria, which enables good control of the various design trade-offs. Average Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) and power efficiency improvement of 12 and 6 dB, respectively, are obtained with the application of this design approach. In summary, this paper introduces a new framework for the nonlinear modeling and design of reconfigurable antennas and provides a set of general-purpose tools applicable in cases beyond those used as examples and validation in this work. Additionally, the use of these models and guidelines is presented, demonstrating one of the most appealing advantages of the reconfigurable parasitic layer approach, their low nonlinearity This research was supported by the Spanish “Comision Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnologia” (CICYT) under projects TEC2013-47360-C3-1-P/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, TEC2016- 78028-C3-1-P/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, and MDM2016-O6OO, and Catalan Research Group 2017 SGR 219, and by the Colombian “Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación” (Colciencias) through convocatoria 727 de 2015 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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