Exploring early self-referential memory effects through ownership
| Autor: | Sheila J. Cunningham, C. Neil Macrae, Francis Vergunst, David J. Turk |
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| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Memory Episodic media_common.quotation_subject Culture Theory of Mind Context (language use) 050105 experimental psychology Developmental psychology Developmental Neuroscience Encoding (memory) Theory of mind Developmental and Educational Psychology Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Child Problem Solving media_common Memoria Ownership 05 social sciences Age Factors Recognition Psychology Cognition Self Concept Cognitive bias Surprise Pattern Recognition Visual Child Preschool Female Childhood memory Psychology 050104 developmental & child psychology Cognitive psychology |
| Zdroj: | British Journal of Developmental Psychology |
| ISSN: | 0261-510X |
| Popis: | The self-reference effect (SRE) is the reliable memory advantage for information encoded about self over material encoded about other people. The developmental pathway of the SRE has proved difficult to chart, because the standard SRE task is unsuitable for young children. The current inquiry was designed to address this issue using an ownership paradigm, as encoding objects in the context of self-ownership has been shown to elicit self-referential memory advantages in adults. Pairs of four- to six-year-old children (N=64) sorted toy pictures into self- and other-owned sets. A surprise recognition memory test revealed a significant advantage for toys owned by self, which decreased with age. Neither verbal ability nor Theory of Mind attainment predicted the size of the memory advantage for self-owned items. This finding suggests that contrary to some previous reports, memory in early childhood can be shaped by the same self-referential biases that pervade adult cognition. KEYWORDS: self, memory, development, ownership |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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