Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibition Ameliorates Inflammation and Experimental Pulmonary Hypertension
| Autor: | Angeles Fernandez-Gonzalez, Nicolas Christodoulou, Laura E. Fredenburgh, Helen Christou, Paul B. Dieffenbach, Hannes Hudalla, Gareth R. Willis, Evgenia J. Filatava, Zoe Michael, Robert S. Stearman, Mark W. Geraci, Stella Kourembanas |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine Clinical Biochemistry Drug Evaluation Preclinical Pharmacology Systemic inflammation Muscle Smooth Vascular Rats Sprague-Dawley Contractile Proteins 0302 clinical medicine Protein Isoforms Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors Hypoxia Carbonic Anhydrases Acidosis biology Cell Differentiation medicine.anatomical_structure medicine.symptom Acetazolamide medicine.drug Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine Hypertension Pulmonary Myocytes Smooth Muscle Pulmonary Artery Ammonium Chloride 03 medical and health sciences Carbonic anhydrase Macrophages Alveolar medicine Animals Humans RNA Messenger Molecular Biology Inflammation Lung business.industry Macrophages Editorials Metabolic acidosis Cell Biology Hypoxia (medical) medicine.disease Pulmonary hypertension Rats 030104 developmental biology 030228 respiratory system biology.protein business |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology |
| ISSN: | 1535-4989 1044-1549 |
| Popis: | Inflammation and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switching are causally linked to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) pathogenesis. Carbonic anhydrase inhibition induces mild metabolic acidosis and exerts protective effects in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Carbonic anhydrases and metabolic acidosis are further known to modulate immune cell activation. To evaluate if carbonic anhydrase inhibition modulates macrophage activation, inflammation, and VSMC phenotypic switching in severe experimental pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary hypertension was assessed in Sugen 5416/hypoxia (SU/Hx) rats after treatment with acetazolamide or ammonium chloride (NH4Cl). We evaluated pulmonary and systemic inflammation and characterized the effect of carbonic anhydrase inhibition and metabolic acidosis in alveolar macrophages and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). We further evaluated the treatment effects on VSMC phenotypic switching in pulmonary arteries and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) and corroborated some of our findings in lungs and pulmonary arteries of patients with PAH. Both patients with idiopathic PAH and SU/Hx rats had increased expression of lung inflammatory markers and signs of PASMC dedifferentiation in pulmonary arteries. Acetazolamide and NH4Cl ameliorated SU/Hx-induced pulmonary hypertension and blunted pulmonary and systemic inflammation. Expression of carbonic anhydrase isoform 2 was increased in alveolar macrophages from SU/Hx animals, classically (M1) and alternatively (M2) activated BMDMs, and lungs of patients with PAH. Carbonic anhydrase inhibition and acidosis had distinct effects on M1 and M2 markers in BMDMs. Inflammatory cytokines drove PASMC dedifferentiation, and this was inhibited by acetazolamide and acidosis. The protective antiinflammatory effect of acetazolamide in pulmonary hypertension is mediated by a dual mechanism of macrophage carbonic anhydrase inhibition and systemic metabolic acidosis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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