Correlation between smokeless tobacco (Gutkha) and biomarkers of oxidative stress in plasma with cardiovascular effects
| Autor: | Narendra Maddu, Chitta Suresh Kumar, Fareeda Begum Shaik, K Swarnalatha, G Nagajothi, W. Rajendra |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Nicotine medicine.medical_specialty Molecular biology Metabolite Toxicology medicine.disease_cause Biochemistry Lipid peroxidation 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine Medicine lcsh:Social sciences (General) Cotinine lcsh:Science (General) Reactive nitrogen species chemistry.chemical_classification Reactive oxygen species Multidisciplinary business.industry Cholesterol Proteins Cardiovascular risk 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology chemistry Smokeless tobacco lcsh:H1-99 business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Oxidative stress Research Article lcsh:Q1-390 medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Heliyon, Vol 7, Iss 2, Pp e05487-(2021) Heliyon |
| ISSN: | 2405-8440 |
| Popis: | Tobacco products are widely consumed around the world in smoking and smokeless tobacco (SLT) forms. Analysis of smokeless tobacco consumption suggested that the effects of nicotine and tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines, the main ingredients of smokeless tobacco are attractive to study because its consumption often results in biochemical changes of plasma parameters and markers of oxidative stress development. Smokeless tobacco users generally consume the most commonly available SLT products like khaleja brand of gutkha and mahak chaini brand of khaini 3–5 times per day. We found a significant increase in plasma glucose levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and a significant decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol indicative of atherosclerosis risk. We also found that the plasma peroxynitrites (ONOO−), nitric oxide (NO), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and protein carbonyls (PCO) levels were significantly elevated. Plasma nicotine and cotinine levels were significantly elevated in study subjects, suggesting that nicotine could be responsible for the oxidative and nitrosative stress indirectly inducing cardiovascular risk. There was a strong correlation of nicotine with reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS), cholesterol, and creatinine in exposed smokeless tobacco (gutkha) consumers. These data demonstrate SLT users are at high cardiovascular risk due to nicotine-induced free radicals and oxidative damage. Proteins; Metabolite; Biochemistry; Molecular biology; Toxicology; Nicotine; Cotinine; Reactive oxygen species; Reactive nitrogen species; Cardiovascular risk. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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