Global prevalence of hepatitis B virus serological markers among healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
| Autor: | Dowbiss Meta-Djomsi, Jean Joel Bigna, Efietngab Atembeh Noura, Joseph Rodrigue Foe-Essomba, Audrey Gaelle Daha-Tchoffo, Dimitri Tchami Ngongang, Jacqueline Félicité Yengue, Richard Njouom, Sabine Aimee Touangnou-Chamda, Jean Bosco Taya-Fokou, Etheline W Akazong, Lorraine K M Fokou, Rachel Audrey Nayang-Mundo, Marie Amougou-Atsama, Chavely Gwladys Monamele, Hervé Raoul Tazokong, Donatien Serge Mbaga, Cynthia Paola Demeni Emoh, Jean Thierry Ebogo-Belobo, Raoul Kenfack-Momo, Martin Maïdadi-Foudi, Abdel Aziz Selly-Ngaloumo, Jeannette Nina Magoudjou-Pekam, Arnol Bowo-Ngandji, Onana Boyomo, Cromwel Zemnou-Tepap, Cyprien Kengne-Nde, Sebastien Kenmoe, Chris Andre Mbongue Mikangue, Ginette Irma Kame-Ngasse, Gadji Mahamat |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Hepatitis B virus
Hepatitis e antigen Hepatology business.industry education virus diseases Seroprevalence Hepatitis b surface antigen medicine.disease_cause Virology digestive system diseases Serology Hepatitis E antigen Hepatitis B surface antigen Meta-analysis Health care medicine Healthcare workers business Meta-Analysis |
| Zdroj: | World Journal of Hepatology |
| ISSN: | 1948-5182 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND The hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health concern that affects about 2 billion people and causes 1 million people deaths yearly. HBV is a blood-borne disease and healthcare workers (HCWs) are a high-risk group because of occupational hazard to patients’ blood. Different regions of the world show a highly variable proportion of HCWs infected and/or immunized against HBV. Global data on serologic markers of HBV infection and immunization in HCWs are very important to improve strategies for HBV control. AIM To determine the worldwide prevalence of HBV serological markers among HCWs. METHODS In this systematic review and meta–analyses, we searched PubMed and Excerpta Medica Database (Embase) to identify studies published between 1970 and 2019 on the prevalence of HBV serological markers in HCWs worldwide. We also manually searched for references of relevant articles. Four independent investigators selected studies and included those on the prevalence of each of the HBV serological markers including hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis e antigen (HBeAg), immunoglobulin M anti-HBc, and anti-HBs. Methodological quality of eligible studies was assessed and random-effect model meta-analysis resulted in the pooled prevalence of HBV serological markers HBV infection in HCWs. Heterogeneity (I²) was assessed using the χ² test on Cochran’s Q statistic and H parameters. Heterogeneity’ sources were explored through subgroup and metaregression analyses. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42019137144. RESULTS We reviewed 14059 references, out of which 227 studies corresponding to 448 prevalence data among HCWs (224936 HCWs recruited from 1964 to 2019 in 71 countries) were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled seroprevalences of current HBsAg, current HBeAg, and acute HBV infection among HCWs were 2.3% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.9-2.7], 0.2% (95%CI: 0.0-1.7), and 5.3% (95%CI: 1.4-11.2), respectively. The pooled seroprevalences of total immunity against HBV and immunity acquired by natural HBV infection in HCWs were 56.6% (95%CI: 48.7-63.4) and 9.2% (95%CI: 6.8-11.8), respectively. HBV infection was more prevalent in HCWs in low-income countries, particularly in Africa. The highest immunization rates against HBV in HCWs were recorded in urban areas and in high-income countries including Europe, the Eastern Mediterranean and the Western Pacific. CONCLUSION New strategies are needed to improve awareness, training, screening, vaccination, post-exposure management and treatment of HBV infection in HCWs, and particularly in low-income regions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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