How Chaotic Is Genome Chaos?
Autor: | James A. Shapiro |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Cancer Research Restructuring Retrotransposon Review Computational biology Biology Genome lcsh:RC254-282 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound immunoglobulin VDJ joining 0302 clinical medicine retrotransposition chromoanasynthesis chromoplexy Chaos (genus) Chromothripsis target-primed reverse transcription (TPRT) Chromoplexy class switch recombination (CSR) biology.organism_classification alternative end-joining (alt-EJ) lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens human papillomavirus (HPV) 030104 developmental biology DNA break repair Oncology chemistry Tumor progression 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis chromothripsis DNA |
Zdroj: | Cancers, Vol 13, Iss 1358, p 1358 (2021) Cancers |
ISSN: | 2072-6694 |
Popis: | Simple Summary Cancer genomes can undergo major restructurings involving many chromosomal locations at key stages in tumor development. This restructuring process has been designated “genome chaos” by some authors. In order to examine how chaotic cancer genome restructuring may be, the cell and molecular processes for DNA restructuring are reviewed. Examination of the action of these processes in various cancers reveals a degree of specificity that indicates genome restructuring may be sufficiently reproducible to enable possible therapies that interrupt tumor progression to more lethal forms. Abstract Cancer genomes evolve in a punctuated manner during tumor evolution. Abrupt genome restructuring at key steps in this evolution has been called “genome chaos.” To answer whether widespread genome change is truly chaotic, this review (i) summarizes the limited number of cell and molecular systems that execute genome restructuring, (ii) describes the characteristic signatures of DNA changes that result from activity of those systems, and (iii) examines two cases where genome restructuring is determined to a significant degree by cell type or viral infection. The conclusion is that many restructured cancer genomes display sufficiently unchaotic signatures to identify the cellular systems responsible for major oncogenic transitions, thereby identifying possible targets for therapies to inhibit tumor progression to greater aggressiveness. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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