Enzyme histochemistry of the small intestinal mucosa in experimental infections of calves with rotavirus and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
| Autor: | G. Baljer, M. T. Stiglmair-Herb, R. G. Hess, A. Pospiscihl, P. A. Bachmann |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1986 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Enterocyte Acid Phosphatase medicine.disease_cause Rotavirus Infections Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences Leucyl Aminopeptidase Intestinal mucosa Rotavirus Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Intestine Small medicine Animals Intestinal Mucosa Escherichia coli Infections 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology General Veterinary biology Microvilli Histocytochemistry Acid phosphatase Alkaline Phosphatase beta-Galactosidase Enzyme assay Small intestine Succinate Dehydrogenase Kinetics 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure biology.protein Alkaline phosphatase Cattle |
| Zdroj: | Veterinary pathology. 23(2) |
| ISSN: | 0300-9858 |
| Popis: | The effect of rotavirus and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, administered in different sequences, on alkaline and acid phosphatase, leucinaminopeptidase, P-galactosidase, and succinicdehydrogenase of the intestinal mucosa of cesarian-derived, colostrum-deprived calves was investigated. Decrease in enzyme activity was most prominent in dual infections; it also occurred in parts of the small intestine in monoinfected animals. Increases in enzyme activity involved totally either one or all tissue compartments (crypt, basal villus area, villus tips). Increased activity was present in enteric mucosae that were either not affected or were only slightly affected by rotavirus or enterotoxigenic E. coli. We interpret the increase in enzyme activity as an adaptation of the enteric mucosa to maintain the absorptive function. An altered absorptive capacity of the enteric mucosa is one of the most important functional derangements leading to diarrhea. This can be studied in vivo by using tracer substances like D-xylo~e~~ or cellobiose mannit01.~~ In vitro, however, a large number of dif- ferent enzymes can be studied bi~chemically~,~ J~,~~~~~ or histo~hemically.~~,~~ Decreases in mucosal enzyme activities occur in neonatal diarrhea of calves.l~7~9J3~21~22,43 These histochemical results have been based on con- ventionally reared calves undergoing naturally ac- quired infections in the field.',22,43 However, in calves,27 enzyme histochemical studies have been reported on experimental enteric infections with various patho- gens. In the present study, five enzymes of primary im- portance for intestinal nutrient uptake were chosen.29 Enterocyte membrane bound enzymes examined were acid and alkaline phosphatase which are involved in sugar and lipid leucinaminopeptidase which is involved in peptide cleavage,'O and P-galac- tosidase which degrades lacto~e.~ The fifth enzyme, succinicdehydrogenase, is an intracytoplasmic enzyme that has been considered an indicator of intact cell metabolism. l3 A new technique combining conventional enzyme histochemistry and morph~metry~~ was used to eval- uate not only changes of the total enzyme activity at various locations in the small intestine, but also to give more information on enzyme activity in the main func- tional compartments of the mucosa (i.e., crypt, villus base, and villus tip). These relationships should give a better understanding of enzyme loss during infection and a possible regeneration during recovery. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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