Antimicrobial use through consumption of medicated feeds in chicken flocks in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam: A three-year study before a ban on antimicrobial growth promoters
| Autor: | Doan Hoang Phu, Vo Be Hien, Nguyen Van Cuong, Bach Tuan Kiet, Marc Choisy, Guy E. Thwaites, Bao Dinh Truong, Juan Carrique-Mas |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Ho Chi Minh City] (OUCRU), Maladies infectieuses et vecteurs : écologie, génétique, évolution et contrôle (MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]) |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Chlortetracycline
Swine Economics Social Sciences Economic Geography Poultry 0403 veterinary science Toxicology Anti-Infective Agents Animal Products Medicine and Health Sciences Resource Management Gamefowl Animal Husbandry Animal Management Mammals 2. Zero hunger 0303 health sciences Multidisciplinary Geography Antimicrobials Eukaryota Drugs Agriculture 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Rations Antimicrobial 3. Good health Vietnam Vertebrates Medicine Low and Middle Income Countries Research Article medicine.drug Livestock Meat 040301 veterinary sciences Animal feed Science Enramycin Context (language use) Oxytetracycline Biology Microbiology Birds 03 medical and health sciences Microbial Control medicine Animals Poultry Diseases Nutrition Pharmacology [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health 030306 microbiology Organisms Biology and Life Sciences Animal Feed Diet Fowl Food 13. Climate action Amniotes Earth Sciences Colistin Antimicrobial Resistance Flock Chickens Zoology [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2021, 16, ⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0250082⟩ PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 4, p e0250082 (2021) PLoS ONE, 2021, 16, ⟨10.1371/journal.pone.0250082⟩ |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Antimicrobials are included in commercial animal feed rations in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We measured antimicrobial use (AMU) in commercial feed products consumed by 338 small-scale chicken flocks in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, before a gradual nationwide ban on prophylactic use of antimicrobials (including in commercial feeds) to be introduced in the country over the coming five years. We inspected the labels of commercial feeds and calculated amounts of antimicrobial active ingredients (AAIs) given to flocks. We framed these results in the context of overall AMU in chicken production, and highlighted those products that did not comply with Government regulations. Thirty-five of 99 (35.3%) different antimicrobial-containing feed products included at least one AAI. Eight different AAIs (avilamycin, bacitracin, chlortetracycline, colistin, enramycin, flavomycin, oxytetracycline, virginamycin) belonging to five classes were identified. Brooding feeds contained antimicrobials the most (60.0%), followed by grower (40.9%) and finisher feeds (20.0%). Quantitatively, chlortetracycline was consumed most (42.2 mg/kg SEM ±0.34; 50.0% of total use), followed by enramycin (18.4 mg/kg SEM ±0.03, 21.8%), bacitracin (16.4 mg/kg SEM ±0.20, 19.4%) and colistin (6.40 mg/kg SEM ± 4.21;7.6%). Other antimicrobials consumed were virgianamycin, avilamycin, flavomycin and oxytetracycline (each ≤0.50 mg/kg). Antimicrobials in commercial feeds were more commonly given to flocks in the earlier part of the production cycle. A total of 10 (9.3%) products were not compliant with existing Vietnamese regulation (06/2016/TT-BNNPTNT) either because they included a non-authorised AAI (4), had AAIs over the permitted limits (4), or both (2). A number of commercial feed formulations examined included colistin (polymyxin E), a critically important antimicrobial of highest priority for human medicine. These results illustrate the challenges for effective implementation and enforcement of restrictions of antimicrobials in commercial feeds in LMICs. Results from this study should help encourage discussion about policies on medicated feeds in LMICs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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