Pharmacokinetic analysis of the disposition of intravenous theophylline in young children
| Autor: | Allen H. Neims, Daniel S. Sitar, P M Loughnan, A. Eisen, Richard I. Ogilvie, Z. Fox |
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| Rok vydání: | 1976 |
| Předmět: |
Male
business.industry Maintenance dose Infant Disposition Pharmacology Loading dose Models Biological Drug Administration Schedule Pharmacokinetic analysis Regimen Kinetics Pharmacokinetics Theophylline Child Preschool Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Medicine Humans Aminophylline Female Infusions Parenteral business medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of pediatrics. 88(5) |
| ISSN: | 0022-3476 |
| Popis: | The disposition of a single intravenous dose of theophylline, 3.2 mg/kg, was studied using a high-pressure liquid chromatographic assay in ten asthmatic children one to four years of age. The man plasma theophylline clearance was 0.100 +/- 0.036 l/kg/hr, kel 0.49 +/- 0.30 hr-1, betat1/2 3.38 +/- 1.11 hr, alphat1/2 0.13 +/- 0.09 hr, and V1 0.25 +/- 0.13 1/kg. Plasma theophylline clearance was approximately 40% greater in these children than that reported in adults, mainly due to an increased rate of drug elimination. Large interindividual differences were observed. Analysis of data using either a two- or one-compartment model yielded almost identical dosage regimens designed to rapidly achieve and maintain a chosen plasma theophylline concentration. Calculations based upon mean values of pharmacokinetic constants predict that a maintenance dose rate for aminophylline of 30 mg/kg/day, after a loading dose of 5.6 mg/kg, would rapidly achieve and maintain a mean steady-state plasma concentration of theophylline of 10 mg/1. Potential toxicity of such a regimen has not been excluded, since therapeutic trials (with achievement of steady state) have not yet been conducted. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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