Community- and Healthcare-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains: An Investigation Into Household Transmission, Risk Factors, and Environmental Contamination

Autor: Andrew E. Simor, Amna Faheem, Antonella Gelosia, Christine Watt, Krystyna Ostrowska, Matthew P. Muller, Lee Vernich, David C Richardson, Barbara M. Willey, Allison McGeer, Piraveina Gnanasuntharam, Henry Wong, Wil Ng, Vanessa Porter, Kevin Katz
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Male
0301 basic medicine
Epidemiology
medicine.disease_cause
law.invention
0302 clinical medicine
Risk Factors
law
Acute care
Environmental Microbiology
Medicine
Infection control
Prospective Studies
030212 general & internal medicine
Child
Prospective cohort study
Index case
Aged
80 and over
Cross Infection
Family Characteristics
Middle Aged
Staphylococcal Infections
Bacterial Typing Techniques
Electrophoresis
Gel
Pulsed-Field
Community-Acquired Infections
Infectious Diseases
Transmission (mechanics)
Staphylococcus aureus
Child
Preschool
Carrier State
Female
Adult
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Microbiology (medical)
Canada
medicine.medical_specialty
Adolescent
030106 microbiology
Microbiology
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Environmental health
Humans
Typing
Aged
business.industry
Infant
Newborn
Infant
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
business
Zdroj: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 38:61-67
ISSN: 1559-6834
0899-823X
DOI: 10.1017/ice.2016.245
Popis: OBJECTIVETo measure transmission frequencies and risk factors for household acquisition of community-associated and healthcare-associated (HA-) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).DESIGNProspective cohort study from October 4, 2008, through December 3, 2012.SETTINGSeven acute care hospitals in or near Toronto, Canada.PARTICIPANTSTotal of 99 MRSA-colonized or MRSA-infected case patients and 183 household contacts.METHODSBaseline interviews were conducted, and surveillance cultures were collected monthly for 3 months from household members, pets, and 8 prespecified high-use environmental locations. Isolates underwent pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec typing.RESULTSOverall, of 183 household contacts 89 (49%) were MRSA colonized, with 56 (31%) detected at baseline. MRSA transmission from index case to contacts negative at baseline occurred in 27 (40%) of 68 followed-up households. Strains were identical within households. The transmission risk for HA-MRSA was 39% compared with 40% (P=.95) for community-associated MRSA. HA-MRSA index cases were more likely to be older and not practice infection control measures (P=.002–.03). Household acquisition risk factors included requiring assistance and sharing bath towels (P=.001–.03). Environmental contamination was identified in 78 (79%) of 99 households and was more common in HA-MRSA households.CONCLUSIONHousehold transmission of community-associated and HA-MRSA strains was common and the difference in transmission risk was not statistically significant.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;1–7
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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