Indian classical music with incremental variation in tempo and octave promotes better anxiety reduction and controlled mind wandering-A randomised controlled EEG study
| Autor: | N R Ramesh Masthi, Sushma Sharma, Mohini Vijay, Sumit Sharma, Arun Sasidharan, Chetan S. Mukundan, Lakshmi V Pandit, Vrinda Marigowda |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Music therapy Audiology Anxiety behavioral disciplines and activities 050105 experimental psychology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Mind-wandering Octave medicine Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences General Nursing Cross-Over Studies 05 social sciences Electroencephalography Scale (music) humanities Classical music Mood Complementary and alternative medicine Auditory Perception Chiropractics medicine.symptom Psychology human activities Timbre 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Analysis Music |
| Zdroj: | Explore (New York, N.Y.). 17(2) |
| ISSN: | 1878-7541 |
| Popis: | Studies have reported the benefits of music-listening in stress-reduction using musical pieces of specific scale or 'Raaga'. But the influence of lower-level musical properties (like tempo, octave, timbre, etc.) lack research backing. Carnatic music concerts use incremental modulations in tempo and octave (e.g.: 'Ragam-Tanam-Pallavi') to elevate the mood of audiences. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the anxiolytic effect of this musical property. A randomised controlled cross-over study with 21 male undergraduate medical students was followed. 11 participants listened to 'Varying music' (VM: instrumental music with incremental variations in tempo and octave) and 10 listened to 'Stable music' (SM: instrumental music without such variations), thrice daily for 6 days, both clips recorded in Raaga-Kaapi and silence being the control intervention. Electroencephalography (EEG) and Electrocardiography (for heart rate variability or HRV) were done on all 6 days. Beck's Anxiety inventory and State-trait anxiety scale were administered on Day-1 and Day-6. A significant anxiety score reduction was seen only in VM. VM showed marked decrease in lower frequency EEG power in bilateral temporo-parieto-occipital regions compared to silence, whereas SM showed increase in higher frequencies. Relatively, VM showed more midline power reduction (i.e., lower default mode network or DMN activity) and SM showed greater left-dominant alpha/beta asymmetry (i.e., greater right brain activation). During both music interventions HRV remained stable, unlike silence intervention. We speculate that, gradual transition between lower-slower and higher-faster music portions of VM induces a 'controlled-mind wandering' state involving balanced switching between heightened mind wandering ('attention to self') and reduced mind wandering ('attention to music') states, respectively. Therefore, music-selection has remarkable influence on stress-management and warrants further research. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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