Source Evaluation and Trace Metal Contamination in Benthic Sediments from Equatorial Ecosystems Using Multivariate Statistical Techniques

Autor: Abaas A. Olajire, Joseph P. Essien, Cyril I. Ekong, Francis E. Asuquo, Nsikak U. Benson, Akan B. Williams, Otobong Akpabio
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Geologic Sediments
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
lcsh:Medicine
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Freshwater ecosystem
Mathematical and Statistical Techniques
Nickel
Cluster Analysis
Trace metal
Fractionation
lcsh:Science
Water pollution
media_common
Sedimentary Geology
Principal Component Analysis
Lead (Element)
Multidisciplinary
Ecology
Geology
Contamination
Pollution
Chemistry
Separation Processes
Community Ecology
Benthic zone
Environmental chemistry
Physical Sciences
Delta Ecosystems
Engineering and Technology
Statistics (Mathematics)
Environmental Monitoring
Research Article
Chemical Elements
Environmental Engineering
media_common.quotation_subject
Ecological Risk
Research and Analysis Methods
Ecosystems
Wetland Ecosystems
Metals
Heavy
Statistical Methods
Ecosystem
Petrology
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Water Pollution
lcsh:R
Biology and Life Sciences
Sediment
Trace Elements
Multivariate Analysis
Earth Sciences
Environmental science
lcsh:Q
Copper
Water Pollutants
Chemical
Mathematics
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 6, p e0156485 (2016)
PLoS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156485
Popis: Trace metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb) concentrations in benthic sediments were analyzed through multi-step fractionation scheme to assess the levels and sources of contamination in estuarine, riverine and freshwater ecosystems in Niger Delta (Nigeria). The degree of contamination was assessed using the individual contamination factors (ICF) and global contamination factor (GCF). Multivariate statistical approaches including principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis and correlation test were employed to evaluate the interrelationships and associated sources of contamination. The spatial distribution of metal concentrations followed the pattern Pb>Cu>Cr>Cd>Ni. Ecological risk index by ICF showed significant potential mobility and bioavailability for Cu, Cu and Ni. The ICF contamination trend in the benthic sediments at all studied sites was Cu>Cr>Ni>Cd>Pb. The principal component and agglomerative clustering analyses indicate that trace metals contamination in the ecosystems was influenced by multiple pollution sources.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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