A flower with several secretions: anatomy, secretion composition, and functional aspects of the floral secretory structures of Chelonanthus viridiflorus (Helieae—Gentianaceae)
| Autor: | Adriano Valentin-Silva, Dayana Maria Teodoro Francino, Bianca El Ajouz, Valdnéa Casagrande Dalvi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Gentianaceae Plant Nectar Ovary (botany) Flowers Plant Science Biology 01 natural sciences Sepal 03 medical and health sciences Anthesis Botany Nectar fungi food and beverages Cell Biology General Medicine biology.organism_classification Apex (geometry) 030104 developmental biology Fruit Microscopy Electron Scanning Petal Peduncle (botany) 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Protoplasma. 259:427-437 |
| ISSN: | 1615-6102 0033-183X |
| Popis: | Floral secretory structures have been reported for Gentianaceae; however, morphoanatomical studies of these glands are rare. We described the development and secretory activity of the colleters and nectaries throughout the floral development of Chelonanthus viridiflorus. We collected flower buds, flowers at anthesis, and fruits to be investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy. We performed histochemical tests on the secretion of colleters and used glycophyte to confirm the presence of glucose in nectar. Colleters are located on the ventral surface of sepals and nectaries occur in four regions: (i) the dorsal and (ii) ventral surfaces of sepals; (iii) apex of petals; and (iv) base of ovary. The colleters have a short peduncle and a secretory portion with homogeneous cells. They are active in flower buds and secrete polysaccharides and proteins. In flowers at anthesis, they begin to senescence presenting protoplast retraction, cell collapse, and lignification; these characteristics are intensified in fruit. The nectaries of sepals and petals have two to five cells surrounding a central cell through which the secretion is released. Nectaries are numerous, forming a nectariferous area on the dorsal surface of sepals, like that observed on petals, and can form isolated units on the ventral surface of sepals. They are active from flower buds to fruits. A region with secretory activity was identified at the base of the ovary. The secretion of colleters acts in the protection of developing organs, while nectaries are related to defenses against herbivores and the supply of nectar to potential robbers or pollinators. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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