Shared Sanitation Versus Individual Household Latrines in Urban Slums: A Cross-Sectional Study in Orissa, India
| Autor: | Thomas Clasen, Parimita Routray, Belen Torondel, Marieke Heijnen |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Sanitation Urban Population Cross-sectional study media_common.quotation_subject India Pilot Projects Health outcomes Global population Hygiene Virology Environmental health Poverty Areas Surveys and Questionnaires Medicine Humans Open defecation Toilet Facilities Defecation media_common Family Characteristics business.industry Data Collection Articles Infectious Diseases Increased risk Cross-Sectional Studies Latrine Parasitology Female business |
| ISSN: | 0002-9637 |
| Popis: | A large and growing proportion of the global population rely on shared sanitation facilities despite evidence of a potential increased risk of adverse health outcomes compared with individual household latrines (IHLs). We sought to explore differences between households relying on shared sanitation versus IHLs in terms of demographics, sanitation facilities, and fecal exposure. We surveyed 570 households from 30 slums in Orissa, India, to obtain data on demographics, water, sanitation, and hygiene. Latrine spot-checks were conducted to collect data on indicators of use, privacy, and cleanliness. We collected samples of drinking water and hand rinses to assess fecal contamination. Households relying on shared sanitation were poorer and less educated than those accessing IHLs. Individuals in sharing households were more likely to practice open defecation. Shared facilities were less likely to be functional, less clean, and more likely to have feces and flies. No differences in fecal contamination of drinking water or hand-rinse samples were found. Important differences exist among households accessing shared facilities versus IHLs that may partly explain the apparent adverse health outcomes associated with shared sanitation. As these factors may capture differences in risk and promote sanitary improvements, they should be considered in future policy. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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