Expression, regulation, and triglyceride hydrolase activity of Adiponutrin family members
| Autor: | Jian-Liang Li, Andrew C. Lake, Ying Sun, Dongmei Li, Wei Liu, Tracy Revett, Heather H. Shih, Janet E. Paulsen, Jeremy Johnson, Jae Eun Kim, Ruth E. Gimeno |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Amino Acid Motifs Mice Obese Adipose tissue Biochemistry Mice chemistry.chemical_compound Endocrinology Adipocyte Adipocytes Phylogeny education.field_of_study Triglyceride lipase Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Markov Chains Up-Regulation adipose tissue triglyceride lipase Desnutrin Patatin-like phospholipase medicine.medical_specialty Genetic Vectors Molecular Sequence Data QD415-436 Biology Transfection adipocyte Gene Expression Regulation Enzymologic Downregulation and upregulation Internal medicine medicine Animals Humans Immunoprecipitation Lipolysis Adiponutrin Amino Acid Sequence RNA Messenger education Triglycerides Binding Sites Triglyceride Computational Biology Membrane Proteins patatin domain Lipase Cell Biology Sterol Esterase Blotting Northern Protein Structure Tertiary Rats Mice Inbred C57BL Gene Expression Regulation chemistry Mutation lipolysis RNA Oleic Acid |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 46, Iss 11, Pp 2477-2487 (2005) |
| ISSN: | 0022-2275 |
| Popis: | Adiponutrin and a related protein, adipocyte triglyceride lipase (ATGL; also known as Desnutrin), were recently described as adipocyte-specific proteins with lipid hydrolase activity. Using bioinformatics, we identified three additional Adiponutrin family members (GS2, GS2-Like, and PNPLA1). Here, we report on the expression, regulation, and activity of GS2 and GS2-Like compared with Adiponutrin and Desnutrin/ATGL. GS2-Like is expressed and regulated in a manner similar to Adiponutrin; however, the absolute levels of mRNA are significantly lower than those of Adiponutrin or Desnutrin/ATGL. GS2 transcripts were identified only in humans and are highly expressed in adipose as well as other tissues. All four proteins show lipase activity in vitro, which is dependent on the presence of the active site serine for Adiponutrin, Desnutrin/ATGL, and GS2. Overexpression of Desnutrin/ATGL, GS2, and GS2-Like, but not Adiponutrin, decreases intracellular triglyceride levels. This is consistent with a function for Desnutrin/ATGL, GS2, and GS2-Like in lipolysis, but not for Adiponutrin. Consistent with previously reported data, Desnutrin/ATGL is upregulated by fasting in adipose tissue, whereas Adiponutrin is downregulated. Additionally, Adiponutrin and GS2-Like, but not Desnutrin/ATGL, are strongly induced in the liver of ob/ob mice. Our data support distinct functions for Adiponutrin and Desnutrin/ATGL and raise the possibility that GS2 may contribute significantly to lipolysis in human adipose tissue. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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