Tannins, flavonoids and stilbenes in extracts of African savanna woodland trees Terminalia brownii, Terminalia laxiflora and Anogeissus leiocarpus showing promising antibacterial potential

Autor: Riitta Julkunen-Tiitto, Marketta Sipi, Raimo Hiltunen, E Salih, P Fyhrquist, Markku Kanninen, Olavi Luukkanen, Heikki Vuorela
Přispěvatelé: Department of Forest Sciences, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Marketta Sipi / Principal Investigator, Faculty of Pharmacy, Raimo Hiltunen / Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Design and Discovery group, Drug Research Program, Laboratory of Forest Resources Management and Geo-information Science, Viikki Tropical Resources Institute (VITRI), Forest Ecology and Management
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS
Plant Science
Biology
01 natural sciences
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
Ellagitannin
HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS
Botany
Gallic acid
1183 Plant biology
microbiology
virology
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Punicalagin
chemistry.chemical_classification
Anogeissus
4112 Forestry
ANTI-HELICOBACTER-PYLORI
COMBRETUM-CAFFRUM
Traditional medicine
Anogeissus leiocarpus
RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS
PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA
Terminalia
Polyphenols
IN-VITRO
biology.organism_classification
PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY
3. Good health
0104 chemical sciences
Antibacterial
MEDICINAL-PLANTS
010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry
030104 developmental biology
Terminalia brownii
chemistry
Phytochemical
317 Pharmacy
Polyphenol
Africa
Terminalia laxiflora
Ellagic acid
Zdroj: South African Journal of Botany. 108:370-386
ISSN: 0254-6299
DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2016.08.020
Popis: Terminalia laxiflora , Terminalia brownii and Anogeissus leiocarpus are used as decoctions, macerations, infusions and fumigations in East and West African traditional medicine for treatment of infectious diseases and their symptoms. Using this ethnopharmacological information as a guideline for our research and owing to the fact that these species have not been subjected to in depth antibacterial and phytochemical studies, thirty-nine extracts of various polarities of the stem bark, stem wood and roots were studied for growth inhibitory effects against the human pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis , Staphylococcus aureus , Micrococcus luteus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Our results indicate that the studied species contain antibacterial compounds of a wide range of polarities. All polar root extracts of T. laxiflora and various polar extracts of T. brownii roots, including hot water decoctions, gave broad-spectrum antibacterial effects and low MIC values of 39 μg/ml. The main ellagitannins in an ethyl acetate extract of the root of T. laxiflora were found to be corilagin and its derivative and punicalagin. A methanol extract of the roots of T. brownii contained methyl-(S)-flavogallonate and its derivative as the main identified ellagitannins. Moreover, both Terminalia species were found to contain ellagic acid xylopyranoside and methyl ellagic acid xyloside and pure ellagic acid was present in T. brownii . Pure punicalagin did not give as low MIC as an ethyl acetate extract of the roots of T. laxiflora , containing punicalagin as one of its main compounds, although this ellagitannin totally inhibited the growth of S. aureus at 125 μg/ml and P. aeruginosa at 500 μg/ml. Similarly, pure ellagic and gallic acid gave higher MIC values than the methanolic root extract of T. brownii against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa . Moreover, a Sephadex LH-20 fraction of the methanolic extract of the roots of T. brownii , enriched with methyl-(S)-flavogallonate and its isomer, gave higher MIC values than the crude methanolic extract. These results suggest that the polyphenols in the extracts might act synergistically with each other. A methanolic soxhlet extract of the roots of A. leiocarpus , containing ampelopsin, aromadendrin, taxifolin, pinosylvin and 4′-methylpinosylvin gave a low MIC value of 39 μg/ml against all bacterial strains used in this investigation. Our results demonstrate that the roots, stem bark and stem wood of T. brownii , T. laxiflora and A. leiocarpus are rich sources of (new) antimicrobial compounds and justify the uses of these plants for treatment of infections in African traditional medicine.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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