Viability Costs of Reproduction and Behavioral Compensation in Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis)
| Autor: | Mark C. Belk, Jacob M. Condon, Clinton T. Laidlaw |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Evolutionary Processes
Fish Biology Offspring media_common.quotation_subject Population Dynamics Foraging lcsh:Medicine Gambusia Predation Cyprinodontiformes Behavioral Ecology Predator-Prey Dynamics Pregnancy medicine Animals lcsh:Science media_common Freshwater Ecology Evolutionary Biology Evolutionary Theory Multidisciplinary Behavior Animal Ecology Population Biology Animal Behavior biology Reproduction Mortality rate lcsh:R Ecology and Environmental Sciences Biology and Life Sciences biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Organismal Evolution Evolutionary Ecology lcsh:Q Female Zoology Mosquitofish Research Article Demography |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 11, p e110524 (2014) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0110524 |
| Popis: | The cost of reproduction hypothesis suggests that current reproduction has inherent tradeoffs with future reproduction. These tradeoffs can be both in the form of energy allocated to current offspring as opposed to somatic maintenance and future reproduction (allocation costs), or as an increase in mortality as a result of morphological or physiological changes related to reproduction (viability costs). Individuals may be able to decrease viability costs by altering behavior. Female western mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis experience a reduction in swimming ability as a consequence of pregnancy. We test for a viability cost of reproduction, and for behavioral compensation in pregnant female G. affinis by measuring survival of females in early and later stages of pregnancy when exposed to predation. Late-stage pregnant females experience a 70% greater probability of mortality compared to early-stage pregnant females. The presence of a refuge roughly doubled the odds of survival of both early and late-stage pregnant females. However, there was no interaction between refuge availability and stage of pregnancy. These data do not provide evidence for behavioral compensation by female G. affinis for elevated viability costs incurred during later stages of pregnancy. Behavioral compensation may be constrained by other aspects of the cost of reproduction. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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