The extracellular contractile injection system is enriched in environmental microbes and associates with numerous toxins
| Autor: | Inbal Pollin, Nimrod Nachmias, William B. Andreopoulos, Asaf Levy, Aleks Danov, Alexander Martin Geller, David Zlotkin, Keren Shemesh |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Bacterial toxins Nematoda Science 030106 microbiology Virulence General Physics and Astronomy medicine.disease_cause Genome General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Article Bacterial genetics 03 medical and health sciences Contractile Proteins medicine Genetics Transcriptional regulation Extracellular Toxins 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment Animals Secretion Bacteriophages Aetiology Gene Toxins Biological Multidisciplinary biology Bacteria Toxin Fungi Functional genomics General Chemistry Biological biology.organism_classification Archaea Yeast Cell biology Protein Transport Emerging Infectious Diseases Infectious Diseases 030104 developmental biology Protein Translocation Systems Molecular ecology Infection |
| Zdroj: | Nature Communications, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021) Nature Communications Nature communications, vol 12, iss 1 |
| ISSN: | 2041-1723 |
| Popis: | The extracellular Contractile Injection System (eCIS) is a toxin-delivery particle that evolved from a bacteriophage tail. Four eCISs have previously been shown to mediate interactions between bacteria and their invertebrate hosts. Here, we identify eCIS loci in 1,249 bacterial and archaeal genomes and reveal an enrichment of these loci in environmental microbes and their apparent absence from mammalian pathogens. We show that 13 eCIS-associated toxin genes from diverse microbes can inhibit the growth of bacteria and/or yeast. We identify immunity genes that protect bacteria from self-intoxication, further supporting an antibacterial role for some eCISs. We also identify previously undescribed eCIS core genes, including a conserved eCIS transcriptional regulator. Finally, we present our data through an extensive eCIS repository, termed eCIStem. Our findings support eCIS as a toxin-delivery system that is widespread among environmental prokaryotes and likely mediates antagonistic interactions with eukaryotes and other prokaryotes. The extracellular Contractile Injection System (eCIS) is a toxin-delivery particle that mediates interactions between bacteria and their invertebrate hosts. Here, the authors catalogue eCIS loci from 1,249 prokaryotic genomes, showing enrichment in non-pathogenic environmental microbes, and identifying eCIS-associated toxins that inhibit the growth of bacteria and/or yeast. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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