Reemergence of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in a well-vaccinated population in remote Alaska
| Autor: | Lisa R. Bulkow, Karin Galil, Marilyn Getty, Bradley A. Perkins, Alan J. Parkinson, Mary Anne Fitzgerald, Orin S. Levine, Rosalyn J. Singleton |
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| Rok vydání: | 1998 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Rural Population Haemophilus Infections health care facilities manpower and services Population Oropharynx medicine.disease_cause complex mixtures Haemophilus influenzae Conjugate vaccine Risk Factors medicine Immunology and Allergy Humans education Haemophilus Vaccines education.field_of_study Transmission (medicine) business.industry Neisseria meningitidis Age Factors Haemophilus influenzae type b Infant bacterial infections and mycoses medicine.disease carbohydrates (lipids) Vaccination Infectious Diseases Carriage Cross-Sectional Studies Child Preschool Immunology Carrier State Indians North American bacteria Female business Meningitis Alaska |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of infectious diseases. 179(1) |
| ISSN: | 0022-1899 |
| Popis: | Before vaccination, Alaska Natives experienced very high rates of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease and carriage. Vaccination with Hib conjugate vaccine PRP-OMP (polyribosylribitol phosphate Neisseria meningitidis outer membrane protein) began in 1991 and resulted in a sharp decline in cases. In 1996, after switching to a different Hib conjugate vaccine, DTP-HbOC (which combines diphtheria-tetanus-whole cell pertussis vaccines with HbOC [Hib oligosaccharide CRM197]), cases of invasive Hib disease increased, suggesting ongoing Hib transmission despite widespread vaccination. To determine the prevalence of and risk factors for carriage, a cross-sectional study of oropharyngeal Hib carriage was conducted among Alaska Native children aged 1-5 years in remote southwestern Alaska. Of 496 children with swabs taken, 46 (9.3%) were colonized with Hib. Carriage rates varied by village from 2.2% to 13.2% and by age from 6.1% in 1-year-olds to 14.7% in 5-year-olds. Crowding was associated with Hib carriage. Widespread vaccination with PRP-OMP Hib conjugate vaccine did not eliminate carriage in this population of Alaska Natives, and ongoing carriage contributed to disease resurgence. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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