Safety of Oral Sulfates in Rats and Dogs Contrasted With Phosphate-Induced Nephropathy in Rats
| Autor: | Robert G. Russell, Frederick E. Reno, Russell W. Pelham, Eric L. Padgett, Mark Vb Cleveland |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Necrosis Administration Oral chemistry.chemical_element Calcium Kidney Toxicology Urine sodium Phosphates Nephropathy Dogs Internal medicine Animals Medicine Phosphate nephropathy Sulfates business.industry Stomach Body Weight Sodium Colonoscopy medicine.disease Rats Diarrhea medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology chemistry Creatinine Potassium Female medicine.symptom business |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Toxicology. 28:99-112 |
| ISSN: | 1092-874X 1091-5818 |
| DOI: | 10.1177/1091581809335124 |
| Popis: | An oral sulfate salt solution (OSS), under development as a bowel cleansing agent for colonoscopy in humans, is studied in rats and dogs. In rats, amaximumpractical oral OSS dose (5 g/kg/d) is compared with an oral sodium phosphate (OSP) solution, both at about 7 times the clinical dose. OSS induces the intended effects of loose stools and diarrhea. In rats, higher urine sodium and potassium accompany higher clearance rates, considered adaptive to the osmotic load of OSS. OSS for 28 days is well tolerated in rats and dogs. In contrast, OSP causes increased mortality, reduced body weight and food consumption, severe kidney tubular degeneration, and calcium phosphate deposition in rats. These are accompanied by mineralization in the stomach and aorta, along with cardiac and hepatic degeneration and necrosis. The greater safety margin of OSS over OSP at similarmultiples of the clinical dose indicates its suitability for human use. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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