Facial Suture Pathology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: Human and Animal Studies
| Autor: | Brian K Zukotynski, Russell R. Reid, Maxwell M Wang, Justine C. Lee, Christos S Haveles |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Pathology
Basic science osteology Disease Syndromic craniosynostosis craniofacial malformations Mice premature fusion Tomography Fibrous joint Pediatric dysmorphologies hypertelorism synostosis skull base Syndrome X-Ray Computed craniosynostosis Le Fort III medicine.anatomical_structure suturectomy Animal studies pharmacologic FGFR inhibitors medicine.symptom medicine.medical_specialty Pediatric Research Initiative mice MEDLINE Clinical Sciences facial sutures sutures craniofacial Article osteogenesis Craniosynostoses models Rare Diseases plastic surgery medicine Animals Humans Craniofacial Dental/Oral and Craniofacial Disease exorbitism spheno-occipital synchondrosis Sutures Ossification business.industry Cranial Sutures Synostosis medicine.disease reconstructive surgery ossification Congenital Structural Anomalies Surgery Tomography X-Ray Computed business syndromic craniosynostosis |
| Zdroj: | Annals of plastic surgery, vol 87, iss 5 Ann Plast Surg |
| Popis: | Background Facial deformities in syndromic craniosynostosis are not only functionally, psychosocially, and aesthetically impairing but also notoriously challenging to reconstruct. Whether facial suture synostosis plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of these deformities is inadequately studied in human patients. Methods The MEDLINE database was queried using a methodologically generated search term inventory. Article inclusion was adjudicated by 2 authors after independent review. Articles provided insight into facial suture involvement in either syndromic craniosynostosis patients or animal models of disease. Results Comprehensive review yielded 19 relevant articles meeting inclusion criteria. Mid-20th century craniofacial biologists characterized how patent facial sutures are essential for normal postnatal facial development. They also posited that premature ossification disrupts growth vectors, causing significant dysmorphologies. Recently, facial suture synostosis was found to cause midfacial deformities independent of cranial base pathology in mouse models of syndromic craniosynostosis. Few recent studies have begun exploring facial suture involvement in patients, and although they have paved the way for future research, they bear significant limitations. Conclusions The hypothesis that facial suture synostosis acts in conjunction with cranial base pathology to produce the prominent, multifocal facial deformities in syndromic craniosynostosis may fundamentally alter surgical management and warrants further investigation. Methodically evaluating the literature, this review synthesizes all basic science and human clinical research thus far on the role of facial sutures in syndromic craniosynostosis and elucidates important topics for future research. We ultimately identify the need for rigorous imaging studies that longitudinally evaluate facial osteology across patients with various craniosynostosis syndromes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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