Antimicrobial Resistance among Respiratory Pathogens Collected in Thailand during 1999-2000
| Autor: | Ian A. Critchley, Mark E. Jones, P. Tharavichitukul, Daniel F. Sahm, P. Chayakul, J. Yamakita, C. Thornsberry, A. Vibhagool, James A. Karlowsky, N. Aswapokee, R. Blosser-Middleton |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2002 |
| Předmět: |
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
medicine.disease_cause Microbiology Haemophilus influenzae Antibiotic resistance Drug Resistance Bacterial Streptococcus pneumoniae polycyclic compounds medicine Humans Pharmacology (medical) Respiratory Tract Infections Moraxella Antibacterial agent Pharmacology biology Thailand Antimicrobial biology.organism_classification Anti-Bacterial Agents Multiple drug resistance Infectious Diseases Oncology Population Surveillance Moraxella catarrhalis Cefuroxime medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Chemotherapy. 14:147-154 |
| ISSN: | 1973-9478 1120-009X |
| DOI: | 10.1179/joc.2002.14.2.147 |
| Popis: | A multi-center surveillance study was conducted in Thailand during 1999-2000 to determine antimicrobial susceptibilities among the respiratory pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 206), Haemophilus influenzae (n = 305), and Moraxella catarrhalis (n = 39). Of the S. pneumoniae isolates collected, 33.5% were penicillin-susceptible, 27.2% intermediate and 39.3% resistant. Expectedly, resistance rates to beta-lactams were higher among penicillin-resistant (ceftriaxone, 14.8%; amoxicillin-clavulanate, 42.0%; cefuroxime, 100%) than penicillin-susceptible (ceftriaxone, 0%; amoxicillin-clavulanate, 0%; cefuroxime, 0%) isolates. Likewise, azithromycin and clarithromycin resistances were 4.3% and 5.8% among penicillin-susceptible isolates, and 77.8% and 95.1% among penicillin-resistant isolates. All S. pneumoniae remained susceptible to vancomycin and 99.5% were susceptible to levofloxacin. Multidrug resistance (resistance to3 antimicrobial classes) was present in 25.2% of pneumococcal isolates (n = 52), with resistance to azithromycin, penicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole the most common phenotype (40/52 isolates; 77.0%). Among the isolates of H. influenzae, the prevalence of beta-lactamase production was 45.2%. All isolates of H. influenzae were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanate, azithromycin, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime and levofloxacin while 49.5% were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. All 39 isolates of M. catarrhalis produced beta-lactamase. Azithromycin (MIC90,or = 0.03 microg/ml) and levofloxacin (MIC90, 0.03 microg/ml) were the most active agents tested against M. catarrhalis. The results of this study may serve as a baseline for future studies to monitor antimicrobial susceptibilities among respiratory pathogens in Thailand. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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