Factors associated with serum ferritin levels and iron excess: results from the EPIC-EurGast study
Autor: | Lucía Rizzolo, Victoria Arija, Carlotta Sacerdote, Tilman Kühn, Antonio Agudo, Pilar Amiano, Nasser Laouali, Domenico Palli, Daniel A. Quintana Pacheco, Ramón Quirós, Carmen Santiuste, Emily Sonestedt, Isabel Drake, Elisabete Weiderpass, Lucía Iglesias-Vázquez, Rosario Tumino, Núria Aranda, P Jakszyn, Matthias B. Schulze, Amanda J. Cross, Elom K. Aglago, Eva Ardanaz, Maria Santucci de Magistris, Daniel Redondo-Sánchez |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Male
Multivariate analysis Iron Overload ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION Iron Medicine (miscellaneous) Physiology Type 2 diabetes Overweight Systemic inflammation Serum ferritin DIETARY medicine Humans HFE C282Y BODY IRON Hemochromatosis Protein RISK Science & Technology Nutrition and Dietetics Nutrition & Dietetics DANISH MEN business.industry Iron status Histocompatibility Antigens Class I OVERLOAD Cancer Middle Aged medicine.disease CANCER Obesity PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Case-Control Studies Ferritins Red meat 1111 Nutrition and Dietetics Excess iron Female Hemochromatosis medicine.symptom business EPIC Life Sciences & Biomedicine |
Popis: | Purpose Excess iron is involved in the development of non-communicable diseases such as cancer, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular conditions. We aimed to describe the prevalence of excess iron and its determinants in healthy European adults. Methods Sociodemographic, lifestyle, iron status, dietary information, and HFE genotyping were obtained from controls from the nested case–control study EPIC-EurGast study. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) was measured to address possible systemic inflammation. Descriptive and multivariate analyses were used to assess iron status and its determinants. Results Out of the 828 participants (median age: 58.7 years), 43% were females. Median serum ferritin and prevalence of excess iron were 143.7 µg/L and 35.2% in males, respectively, and 77 µg/L and 20% in females, both increasing with latitude across Europe. Prevalence of HFE C282Y mutation was significantly higher in Northern and Central Europe (~ 11%) than in the South (5%). Overweight/obesity, age, and daily alcohol and heme iron intake were independent determinants for iron status, with sex differences even after excluding participants with hsCRP > 5 mg/L. Obese males showed a greater consumption of alcohol, total and red meat, and heme iron, compared with those normal weight. Conclusion Obesity, higher alcohol and heme iron consumption were the main risk factors for excess iron in males while only age was associated with iron overload in females. Weight control and promoting healthy lifestyle may help prevent iron overload, especially in obese people. Further research is needed to clarify determinants of excess iron in the healthy adult population, helping to reduce the associated comorbidities. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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