Leishmania major Attenuates Host Immunity by Stimulating Local Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Expression
| Autor: | Babak Baban, Phillip Chandler, De Yan Hou, Andrew L. Mellor, Levi Makala, Ahmed El-Awady, David H. Munn, Henrique Lemos |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_treatment
T cell Biology biology.organism_classification Proinflammatory cytokine Major Articles and Brief Reports Infectious Diseases Cytokine Immune system medicine.anatomical_structure Immune privilege Immunity Immunology medicine Immunology and Allergy Leishmania major Indoleamine 2 3-dioxygenase |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 203:715-725 |
| ISSN: | 1537-6613 0022-1899 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/infdis/jiq095 |
| Popis: | Inflammation stimulates immunity but can create immune privilege in some settings. Here, we show that cutaneous Leishmania major infection stimulated expression of the immune regulatory enzyme indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) in local lymph nodes. Induced IDO attenuated the T cell stimulatory functions of dendritic cells and suppressed local T cell responses to exogenous and nominal parasite antigens. IDO ablation reduced local inflammation and parasite burdens, as did pharmacologic inhibition of IDO in mice with established infections. IDO ablation also enhanced local expression of proinflammatory cytokines and induced some CD4(+) T cells to express interleukin (IL) 17. These findings showed that IDO induced by L. major infection attenuated innate and adaptive immune responses. Thus, IDO acts as a molecular switch regulating host responses, and IDO inhibitor drugs are a potential new approach to enhance host immunity to established leishmania infections. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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