Biosynthesis of plant cell wall polysaccharides
| Autor: | David M. Gibeaut, Nicholas G. Carpita |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1994 |
| Předmět: |
Golgi Apparatus
Biochemistry Cell wall Cell membrane symbols.namesake chemistry.chemical_compound Cell Wall Polysaccharides Genetics medicine Endomembrane system Cellulose Molecular Biology Chemistry Cell Membrane Callose Glycosyltransferases Plants Golgi apparatus Xyloglucan medicine.anatomical_structure Glucosyltransferases symbols Secondary cell wall Biotechnology |
| Zdroj: | The FASEB Journal. 8:904-915 |
| ISSN: | 1530-6860 0892-6638 |
| DOI: | 10.1096/fasebj.8.12.8088456 |
| Popis: | The cell wall is the principal structural element of plant form. Cellulose, long crystals of several dozen glucan chains, forms the microfibrillar foundation of plant cell walls and is synthesized at the plasma membrane. Except for callose, all other noncellulosic components are secreted to the cell surface and form a porous matrix assembled around the cellulose microfibrils. These diverse noncellulosic polysaccharides and proteins are made in the endomembrane system. Many questions about the biosynthesis and modification within the Golgi apparatus and integration of cell components at the cell surface remain unanswered. The lability of synthetic complexes upon isolation is one reason for slow progress. However, with new methods of membrane isolation and analysis of products in vitro, recent advances have been made in purifying active synthases from plasma membrane and Golgi apparatus. Likely synthase polypeptides have been identified by affinity-labeling techniques, but we are just beginning to understand the unique features of the coordinated assembly of complex polysaccharides. Nevertheless, such progress renews hope that the first gene of a synthase for a wall polysaccharide from higher plants is within our grasp. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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