Separation, characterization, and standardization of extracellular vesicles for drug delivery applications
Autor: | Veronika Mussack, Dominik Buschmann, James Brian Byrd |
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Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Pharmaceutical Science
Cell Communication 02 engineering and technology Computational biology Extracellular vesicles Article law.invention Extracellular Vesicles 03 medical and health sciences Drug Delivery Systems Drug Development Pharmacokinetics law Neoplasms Nucleic Acids Animals Humans Medicine 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Clinical pharmacology business.industry Proteins Neurodegenerative Diseases 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Small molecule Microvesicles Drug development Drug delivery 0210 nano-technology business |
Zdroj: | Adv Drug Deliv Rev |
ISSN: | 0169-409X |
Popis: | Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous nanovesicles secreted from living cells, shuttling macromolecules in intercellular communication and potentially possessing intrinsic therapeutic activity. Due to their stability, low immunogenicity, and inherent interaction with recipient cells, EVs also hold great promise as drug delivery vehicles. Indeed, they have been used to deliver nucleic acids, proteins, and small molecules in preclinical investigations. Furthermore, EV-based drugs have entered early clinical trials for cancer or neurodegenerative diseases. Despite their appeal as delivery vectors, however, EV-based drug delivery progress has been hampered by heterogeneity of sample types and methods as well as a persistent lack of standardization, validation, and comprehensive reporting. This review highlights specific requirements for EVs in drug delivery and describes the most pertinent approaches for separation and characterization. Despite residual uncertainties related to pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and potential off-target effects, clinical-grade, high-potency EV drugs might be achievable through GMP-compliant workflows in a highly standardized environment. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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