Bitter taste receptor gene polymorphisms are an important factor in the development of nicotine dependence in African Americans
| Autor: | Guo-Bo Chen, Ming D. Li, Jennie Z. Ma, Jamie E. Mangold, Thomas J. Payne |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence
Adult Male medicine.medical_specialty Single-nucleotide polymorphism Context (language use) Biology Polymorphism Single Nucleotide Receptors G-Protein-Coupled Sex Factors Polymorphism (computer science) Internal medicine Genetics medicine Humans Risk factor Nuclear family Genetics (clinical) Haplotype Tobacco Use Disorder Black or African American Endocrinology TAS2R38 Haplotypes Female |
| Zdroj: | Journal of medical genetics. 45(9) |
| ISSN: | 1468-6244 |
| Popis: | Context: Bitter sensitivity varies among individuals and ethnic groups partly due to polymorphisms in taste receptor genes (TAS2Rs). Although previous psychophysical studies suggest that taste status plays a role in nicotine dependence (ND), genetic evidence is lacking. Objectives: To determine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TAS2R16 and TAS2R38 are associated with ND and if the effects differ by sex and ethnicity. Design, Setting, and Participants: 2037 individuals from 602 nuclear families of African American (AA) or European American (EA) origin were recruited from the Mid-South States during 1999-2004. Main Outcome Measure(s): ND was assessed by three measures: indexed Smoking Quantity (SQ), Heaviness of Smoking Index (HSI), and the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Peripheral blood samples were obtained for DNA extraction and genotyping. Results: The TAS2R38 taster haplotype PAV was inversely associated (P = 0.0165), and the nontaster haplotype AVI was positively associated (P = 0.0120), with SQ in AA smokers. The nontaster haplotype was positively associated with all ND measures in AA female smokers (P = 0.01~0.003). No significant associations were observed in the EA sample. Conclusions: TAS2R38 polymorphisms are an important factor in determining ND in AAs. Heightened oral sensitivity confers protection against ND. Conversely, decreased sensitivity represents a risk factor for ND, especially in AA females. Together, our findings suggest that taster status plays a role in governing the development of ND and may represent a way to identify individuals at risk for developing ND, particularly in AA smokers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|