Phytoplasma SAP11 alters 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine biosynthesis inNicotiana benthamianaby suppressingNbOMT1
| Autor: | Shu Heng Chang, Jyun-Cyuan Liou, Choon Meng Tan, Jun-Yi Yang, Chin-Fa Lee, Li-Ching Hsieh, Yen-Ting Lu, Nai-Wen Tsao, Li-Wen Su, Sheng-Yang Wang, Yi Yu Lin, Chiou-Rong Sheue, Jih-Zu Yu, Chia-Hua Li |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Phytoplasma Physiology Transgene Blotting Western TCP transcription factor Virulence Nicotiana benthamiana Plant Science 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Tobacco Botany Gene expression Phylogeny Plant Proteins O-methyltransferase biology Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Chemistry Effector Jasmonic acid fungi SAP11 food and beverages Methyltransferases Trichomes Plants Genetically Modified biology.organism_classification Cell biology effector 030104 developmental biology 3-Isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine Pyrazines Functional genomics Research Paper 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Experimental Botany |
| ISSN: | 1460-2431 0022-0957 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/jxb/erw225 |
| Popis: | Highlight Phytoplasma effector SAP11 modulates plant volatile organic compound emissions by suppressing the expression of NbOMT1, which encodes an O-methyltransferase required for the biosynthesis of 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine. Phytoplasmas are bacterial phytopathogens that release virulence effectors into sieve cells and act systemically to affect the physiological and morphological state of host plants to promote successful pathogenesis. We show here that transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana lines expressing the secreted effector SAP11 from Candidatus Phytoplasma mali exhibit an altered aroma phenotype. This phenomenon is correlated with defects in the development of glandular trichomes and the biosynthesis of 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (IBMP). IBMP is a volatile organic compound (VOC) synthesized by an O-methyltransferase, via a methylation step, from a non-volatile precursor, 3-isobutyl-2-hydroxypyrazine (IBHP). Based on comparative and functional genomics analyses, NbOMT1, which encodes an O-methyltransferase, was found to be highly suppressed in SAP11-transgenic plants. We further silenced NbOMT1 through virus-induced gene silencing and demonstrated that this enzyme influenced the accumulation of IBMP in N. benthamiana. In vitro biochemical analyses also showed that NbOMT1 can catalyse IBHP O-methylation in the presence of S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Our study suggests that the phytoplasma effector SAP11 has the ability to modulate host VOC emissions. In addition, we also demonstrated that SAP11 destabilized TCP transcription factors and suppressed jasmonic acid responses in N. benthamiana. These findings provide valuable insights into understanding how phytoplasma effectors influence plant volatiles. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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