Gender differences in the brain: implications for the study of human alcoholism
| Autor: | Francine E. Lancaster |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1994 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Neuroactive steroid Metabolic Clearance Rate media_common.quotation_subject Medicine (miscellaneous) Alcohol Toxicology Developmental psychology chemistry.chemical_compound Neurochemical Humans Gonadal Steroid Hormones Menstrual cycle media_common Estrous cycle Neurons Sex Characteristics Ethanol Brain Receptors Neurotransmitter Psychiatry and Mental health Alcoholism chemistry Alcohol intake Female Psychology Neuroglia Clinical psychology Sex characteristics |
| Zdroj: | Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research. 18(3) |
| ISSN: | 0145-6008 |
| Popis: | Gender differences in alcohol intake and response to alcohol may be influenced by basic variations in the organization and modulation of male and female brains. Although a number of genetic, social, environmental, and metabolic factors have been proposed to explain the gender differences observed in risk for alcoholism, alcohol intake, and medical consequences of excessive alcohol intake, very little attention has been given to the role of gender differences in the brain regarding alcohol use. Recent evidence documents the influence of neurosteroids on neurotransmitter activity in the brain and the impact of alcohol on neurosteroid levels. Neurosteroids are found in different levels in males and females during development and throughout life, depending on factors such as age, stage of development, estrous and menstrual cycles, and stress. This study discusses the hypothesis that many of the gender differences observed concerning alcohol use and misuse are determined by gender differences in the brain, which in turn differentially influence the behavioral and neurochemical responses of males and females to alcohol. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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