Synaptic functions and their disruption in schizophrenia: From clinical evidence to synaptic optogenetics in an animal model
| Autor: | Kisho Obi-Nagata, Akiko Hayashi-Takagi, Yusuke Temma |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
synaptopathy
Synaptogenesis General Physics and Astronomy Review Optogenetics synaptic integration Animal model medicine Animals Humans Brain General Medicine Human brain medicine.disease AS-PaRac1 schizophrenia medicine.anatomical_structure Clinical evidence Schizophrenia Synapses Synaptic plasticity Synaptopathy General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Psychology Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences |
| ISSN: | 1349-2896 0386-2208 |
| DOI: | 10.2183/pjab.95.014 |
| Popis: | The adult human brain consists of approximately a hundred billion neurons, which are connected via synapses. The pattern and strength of the synaptic connections are constantly changing (synaptic plasticity), and these changes are considered to underlie learning, memory, and personality. Many psychiatric disorders have been related to disturbances in synaptogenesis and subsequent plasticity. In this review, we summarize findings of synaptic disturbance and its involvement in the pathogenesis and/or pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. We will focus on schizophrenia, because this condition has a high proven heritability, which offers more unambiguous insights into the biological origins of not only schizophrenia but also related psychiatric disorders. To demonstrate the involvement of synaptopathy in psychiatric disorders, we discuss what knowledge is missing at the circuits level, and what new technologies are needed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of synaptopathy in psychiatric disorders. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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