Metal release from coffee machines and electric kettles
| Autor: | Roman Schmidt, Christin Hackethal, Andreas Luch, Frederic D. Müller, Karla Pfaff, Oliver Kappenstein |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Food contact materials
Bone decalcification Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Food Contamination General Chemistry General Medicine Cooking and Eating Utensils Toxicology Pulp and paper industry Coffee Metal Metals visual_art visual_art.visual_art_medium Environmental science Leaching (agriculture) Food Analysis Food Science |
| DOI: | 10.6084/m9.figshare.1568939.v2 |
| Popis: | The release of elemental ions from eight coffee machines and eleven electric kettles into food simulants was investigated. Three different types of coffee machines were tested: portafilter espresso machines, pod machines and capsule machines. All machines were tested subsequently on 3 days before and on 3 days after decalcification. Decalcification of the machines was performed with agents according to procedures as specified in the respective manufacturer’s manuals. The electric kettles showed only a low release of the elements analysed. For the coffee machines decreasing concentrations of elements were found from the first to the last sample taken in the course of 1 day. Metal release on consecutive days showed a decreasing trend as well. After decalcification a large increase in the amounts of elements released was encountered. In addition, the different machine types investigated clearly differed in their extent of element release. By far the highest leaching, both quantitatively and qualitatively, was found for the portafilter machines. With these products releases of Pb, Ni, Mn, Cr and Zn were in the range and beyond the release limits as proposed by the Council of Europe. Therefore a careful rinsing routine, especially after decalcification, is recommended for these machines. The comparably lower extent of release of one particular portafilter machine demonstrates that metal release at levels above the threshold that triggers health concerns are technically avoidable. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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