Epigenetic diversity of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus
| Autor: | Carolina E. Pardo, Russell P. Darst, Irina Haecker, Michael P. Kladde, Rolf Renne |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Gene Expression Regulation
Viral viruses Biology Gene Regulation Chromatin and Epigenetics medicine.disease_cause Chromatin remodeling Epigenesis Genetic Immediate-Early Proteins 03 medical and health sciences Cell Line Tumor Virus latency Genetics medicine Humans Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus Promoter Regions Genetic ChIA-PET 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences Base Sequence 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology Chromosome Mapping DNA Methylation medicine.disease Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly Chromatin 3. Good health Virus Latency Lytic cycle Genetic Loci DNA methylation Herpesvirus 8 Human Host-Pathogen Interactions Trans-Activators CpG Islands Bivalent chromatin |
| Zdroj: | Nucleic Acids Research |
| ISSN: | 1362-4962 |
| Popis: | Spontaneous lytic reactivation of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) occurs at a low rate in latently infected cells in disease and culture. This suggests imperfect epigenetic maintenance of viral transcription programs, perhaps due to variability in chromatin structure at specific loci across the population of KSHV episomal genomes. To characterize this locus-specific chromatin structural diversity, we used MAPit single-molecule footprinting, which simultaneously maps endogenous CG methylation and accessibility to M.CviPI at GC sites. Diverse chromatin structures were detected at the LANA, RTA and vIL6 promoters. At each locus, chromatin ranged from fully closed to fully open across the population. This diversity has not previously been reported in a virus. Phorbol ester and RTA transgene induction were used to identify chromatin conformations associated with reactivation of lytic transcription, which only a fraction of episomes had. Moreover, certain chromatin conformations correlated with CG methylation patterns at the RTA and vIL6 promoters. This indicated that some of the diverse chromatin conformations at these loci were epigenetically distinct. Finally, by comparing chromatin structures from a cell line infected with constitutively latent virus, we identified products of lytic replication. Our findings show that epigenetic drift can restrict viral propagation by chromatin compaction at latent and lytic promoters. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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