HIV-inducing factor in cervicovaginal secretions is associated with bacterial vaginosis in HIV-1-infected women
| Autor: | Jiahong Xu, Gregory T. Spear, Andrea Kovacs, Margaret Camarca, Patricia Reichelderfer, Fanhui Kong, Jonathan A. Cohn, Farhad B. Hashemi, Suzanne K. Beckner |
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| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
Sexually transmitted disease
Adult Sexual transmission Hot Temperature Adolescent HIV Infections Cervix Uteri Biology In Vitro Techniques Virus Replication Article Vaginal disease Immunopathology medicine Humans Pharmacology (medical) Vaginitis Vaginosis Bacterial biology.organism_classification medicine.disease Infectious Diseases medicine.anatomical_structure Lentivirus Immunology Vagina HIV-1 Female Bacterial vaginosis |
| Zdroj: | Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999). 39(3) |
| ISSN: | 1525-4135 |
| Popis: | Many lines of evidence indicate that sexually transmitted infections may enhance sexual HIV-1 transmission.1 Nine epidemiologic studies have been interpreted to suggest that bacterial vaginosis (BV) increases women’s susceptibility to vaginally transmitted HIV-1 infection,2–10 although another study has not found such an effect.11 Unlike other sexually transmitted infections associated with HIV-1 transmission,12,13 BV is neither an inflammatory nor an ulcerative condition. The biologic mechanism through which BV might affect transmission is therefore uncertain. In 1997, Spear and colleagues14 reported that cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) fluid from some HIV-1–infected and uninfected women increased HIV-1 replication in vitro. This in vitro activity was attributed to an HIV-inducing factor (HIF) in CVL fluid. The effect was increased when the original CVL fluid samples with activity were heated. As reported in the initial study, HIF was more often present in CVL fluid obtained from women with vaginitis or vaginosis than from women without vaginal abnormalities. A subsequent study of 26 CVL fluid specimens obtained from 17 women found a statistically significant association of HIF with a vaginal fluid pH >4.5 and Nugent criteria for BV.15 Therefore, laboratory studies suggest that BV could enhance in vivo HIV-1 replication, providing a possible mechanism whereby BV could increase sexual transmission of HIV-1. We analyzed data and specimens collected in a large cross-sectional study of HIV-1 in the female reproductive tract16 to confirm the association between HIF and BV in a much larger group of women, to investigate the effect of heating CVL fluid on HIF, and to assess the relation between HIF and genital tract HIV-1 shedding. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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