Early maternal loss leads to short- but not long-term effects on diurnal cortisol slopes in wild chimpanzees
| Autor: | Virgile Manin, Cristina Gomes, Liran Samuni, Catherine Crockford, Roman M. Wittig, Anna Preis, Tobias Deschner, Prince F Valé, Pawel Fedurek, Patrick J. Tkaczynski, Cédric Girard-Buttoz, Therese Löhrich |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine medicine.medical_specialty endocrine system Hydrocortisone Pan troglodytes long-lived mammals QH301-705.5 Ontogeny Science Adaptation Biological Biology Models Biological General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine chimpanzees Internal medicine medicine biological embedding model Animals Biology (General) Cortisol level Evolutionary Biology QL early life adversity stress physiology Behavior Animal General Immunology and Microbiology Maternal Deprivation General Neuroscience General Medicine Stress physiology orphan Circadian Rhythm 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology Medicine Female Other Developmental biology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Research Article Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | eLife, Vol 10 (2021) eLife |
| ISSN: | 2050-084X |
| Popis: | The biological embedding model (BEM) suggests that fitness costs of maternal loss arise when early-life experience embeds long-term alterations to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity. Alternatively, the adaptive calibration model (ACM) regards physiological changes during ontogeny as short-term adaptations. Both models have been tested in humans but rarely in wild, long-lived animals. We assessed whether, as in humans, maternal loss had short- and long-term impacts on orphan wild chimpanzee urinary cortisol levels and diurnal urinary cortisol slopes, both indicative of HPA axis functioning. Immature chimpanzees recently orphaned and/or orphaned early in life had diurnal cortisol slopes reflecting heightened activation of the HPA axis. However, these effects appeared short-term, with no consistent differences between orphan and non-orphan cortisol profiles in mature males, suggesting stronger support for the ACM than the BEM in wild chimpanzees. Compensatory mechanisms, such as adoption, may buffer against certain physiological effects of maternal loss in this species. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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