Transition from gynaecomastia to lipomastia in pubertal boys
| Autor: | Jonas Ackermann, Andre Barth, Alexandra Kulle, Paul-Martin Holterhus, Reinhard W. Holl, Thomas Reinehr |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Physiology oestradiol Palpation Pubertal stage 0302 clinical medicine Endocrinology DDC 570 / Life sciences Interquartile range Testosterone Longitudinal Studies Child skin and connective tissue diseases medicine.diagnostic_test Estradiol Testosteron Dihydrotestosterone Gynäkomastie Dihydrotestosteron 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Androgens IGF‐1 Gynecomastia Androgene Insulin-like Growth Factor I medicine.medical_specialty oestrogens Adolescent 030209 endocrinology & metabolism gynaecomastia pseudogynaecomastia 03 medical and health sciences ddc:570 Internal medicine Linear regression Breast enlargement medicine Östrogene Humans ddc:610 Androstenedione business.industry Puberty Estrogens IGFBP‐3 business DDC 610 / Medicine & health Follow-Up Studies Hormone |
| DOI: | 10.18725/oparu-44451 |
| Popis: | Objective Gynaecomastia is frequent in pubertal boys and is regarded as a self‐limiting abnormality. However, longitudinal studies proving this hypothesis are scarce. Design Longitudinal follow‐up study (median 2.4, range 1.0‐4.8 years). Methods The regression of breast diameter was analysed in 31 pubertal boys aged 11.7‐16.1 (median 13.2) years with gynaecomastia. Furthermore, weight changes (as BMI‐SDS) and pubertal stage, oestradiol [E2], oestriol, oestrone, androstenedione, testosterone [T], dihydrotestosterone, gonadotropins, IGF‐1, and IGFBP‐3 serum concentrations determined at first clinical presentation were related to breast diameter regression determined by palpation and disappearance of breast glandular tissue in ultrasound in follow‐up to identify possible predictors of breast regression. Results During the observation period, the breast diameter decreased (in median −1 (interquartile range [IQR] −5 to +1) cm). At follow‐up, 6% of boys had no breast enlargement any more, and 65% developed lipomastia. Gynaecomastia was still present in 29%. None of the analysed hormones was related significantly to breast diameter regression or disappearance of breast glandular tissue. In multiple linear regression analyses adjusted for observational period, as well as age and BMI‐SDS at first presentation, changes in BMI‐SDS (β‐coefficient 6.0 ± 2.3, p = .015) but not the E2/T ratio or any other hormone determined at baseline was related to changes in breast diameter. Conclusions Breast diameter regression seems not to be predictable by a hormone profile in pubertal boys with gynaecomastia. In pubertal boys presenting with gynaecomastia, conversion to lipomastia of smaller volume is common. The reduction of weight status was the best predictor of breast diameter regression. publishedVersion |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|