Nitric oxide synthase and VEGF expression in full-term placentas of obese women

Autor:	Monica Emanuelli, Laura Mazzanti, Davide Sartini, Veronica Pompei, Guendalina Lucarini, Arianna Vignini, Andrea Ciavattini, Eleonora Salvolini, Jacopo Sabbatinelli, Anna Maria Cester
Rok vydání:	2019
Předmět:	Adult 0301 basic medicine medicine.medical_specialty Histology Endothelium Placenta Nitric Oxide Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Nitric oxide 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Pregnancy Enos Internal medicine medicine Humans Obesity Molecular Biology 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology biology Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors business.industry Nitrotyrosine Cell Biology biology.organism_classification Immunohistochemistry Vascular endothelial growth factor Nitric oxide synthase Medical Laboratory Technology 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry biology.protein Tyrosine Female Nitric Oxide Synthase business Peroxynitrite
Zdroj:	Histochemistry and Cell Biology. 152:415-422
ISSN:	1432-119X 0948-6143
DOI:	10.1007/s00418-019-01819-y
Popis:	An adequate placental vascularization allows the proper development of the fetus and it is crucial for the gestational success. A number of factors regulate angiogenesis, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which induces the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasodilator produced by three different nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms. NO is essential to maintain a low vascular resistance in the fetoplacental circulation, although at high concentrations, it may combine with excess superoxide to produce peroxynitrite, which reacts with proteins giving rise to nitrotyrosine. Since obesity, whose incidence is increasing worldwide, is characterized by a low-grade inflammatory state and increased levels of oxidative and nitrative stress, both affecting placental function, our aim was to evaluate the expression of VEGF, eNOS, and iNOS in full-term placentas obtained from normal weight and pre-pregnancy obese women by means of immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Moreover, we assessed the NO levels and the nitrotyrosine immunoexpression in the same sample groups. Our results show a significantly higher immunohistochemical expression of VEGF and eNOS in the endothelium of placentas from obese women than in controls, whereas the immunoexpression of iNOS was comparable in the two groups. These data agree with those of the gene expression analysis, thus suggesting the possible existence of a compensatory mechanism for changes in placental blood flow associated with obesity. As concerns nitrotyrosine and NO levels, we observed a significant increase in placental tissue from obese women which may contribute to the development of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases both in the mother and the offspring.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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