Interplay of Performance-Limiting Nanoscale Features in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4)Solar Cells
| Autor: | Claudia Schnohr, Sven Schönherr, Susan Schorr, Konrad Ritter, Gerardo Larramona, Carsten Ronning, Gema Martínez-Criado, Maurizio Ritzer, Andreas Johannes, Philipp Schöppe, Christophe Chone, Galina Gurieva |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
thin-film photovoltaics Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry 7. Clean energy 01 natural sciences Materials Chemistry energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanoscopic scale defects Methods and concepts for material development business.industry nano-XRF Surfaces and Interfaces Limiting 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Condensed Matter Physics 0104 chemical sciences Surfaces Coatings and Films Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials kesterites Optoelectronics 0210 nano-technology business |
| Zdroj: | 'Physica Status Solidi (a) ', vol: 217, pages: 2000456-1-2000456-9 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 1862-6300 |
| Popis: | Highly performing kesterite-based Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4)(CZTSSe) thin-film solar cells are typically produced under Cu-poor and Zn-rich synthesis conditions. However, these processing routes also facilitate the formation of secondary phases as well as deviations from stoichiometry, causing intrinsic point defects. Herein, the local composition of CZTSSe absorbers prepared with different nominal cation concentrations is investigated by applying energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and synchrotron X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy at the nanoscale to cross-sectional lamellae. The findings confirm the formation of ZnS(Se) secondary phases, whose presence, number, and dimension strongly increase with the reduction of the nominal Cu and increment of the nominal Zn content. Furthermore, the local compositions of the CZTSSe phase within the absorber reveal strong variations, leading to collateral and multiple off-stoichiometry types of the kesterite phase in the absorber, which cause different intrinsic point defects. Therefore, the off-stoichiometry type determined from the integral composition does not represent the complete true picture of this complex material system. Accordingly, the correlation of integral composition with electrical properties or conversion efficiency may be misleading. Overall, the approach provides new experimental insights into the nanoscale relationship among local compositional fluctuations, off-stoichiometry types, and secondary phases in these promising photovoltaic materials. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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