Ecclisomyia conspersa Banks 1907

Autor:	Givens, Donald R.
Rok vydání:	2018
Předmět:	Insecta Arthropoda Limnephilidae Trichoptera Animalia Biodiversity Ecclisomyia Ecclisomyia conspersa Taxonomy
DOI:	10.5281/zenodo.5975595
Popis:	Ecclisomyia conspersa Banks 1907 Figs. 10a��10c; 11a��11c; 12; 13a, 13b; 14; 15a, 15b; 16a, 16b; 17a, 17b; 18a, 18b; 19a, 19b; 20a��20d; 21a��21c; 38; 41; 42; 43b. Ecclisomyia conspersa Banks 1907, 123, pl. IX, fig. 14, Holotype male: Olympia, WA. Ross (1950, 425, figs. 16a, b, male genitalia, distribution); Anderson (1976, distribution, bionomics); Denning (1951, 162, distribution); Schmid (1955, 59, figs. 33 and 34, descriptions of male genitalia, female genitalia); Flint (1960, 24, figs. 5a��d, description of larva); Nimmo (1971, 62, figs. 194��199, 599, descriptions of male genitalia, female genitalia, bionomics, distribution); Baumann & Unzicker (1981, 27, distribution); Herrmann et al. (1986, 440, distribution); Irons (1988, 1260, biology, distribution); Schmid (1998, 88, 89, figs. 301��307, descriptions of male and female genitalia); Wiggins (1996, 304, fig. 20.14, description of larva); Givens (2014, 160, 170, distribution). Male diagnosis. The single black stout basal spine (Fig. 10a) arising from each inferior appendage separates E. conspersa from the other three Nearctic species. The inferior appendages of E. bilera lack spines; those of E. maculosa and E. simulata each have 2 long black stout basal spines arising from the mesobasal area (Figs. 22b, 23b, 30b, 31b). The parameres of E. conspersa are narrow, rounded, and nearly uniform in diameter (Fig. 11a); those of E. bilera are narrow caudally with distal ends angled dorsad (Figs. 1a, 2a); parameres of E. maculosa and E. simulata are fused and with the distal ends incised (Figs. 22b, 30b). Male description. See Banks (1907); Schmid (1955); Schmid (1998); and Nimmo (1971). Female diagnosis. The distal margin of tergum X (Figs. 12, 13a) has a shallow mesal notch, unlike the U to V incisions in terga X of E. bilera, E. maculosa, and E. simulata. The external part of gonopod VIII is narrower than in E. maculosa and E. simulata. The external part of gonopod IX is more recessed than in E. maculosa and E. simulata. The spermathecal sclerite is narrow and elongate (Figs. 12, 13a), not short and quadrate as in E. maculosa and E. simulata (Figs. 24c, 25b, 25c, 32a, 32b). Female description. See Schmid (1955, 1998); Nimmo (1971). A supplementary description follows: Length 15��19 mm (N = 12). Viewed from ventral aspect external part of gonopod VIII short, narrow, wrinkled mesally, with lateral margins sinuate, caudal margin convex. External gonopod of segment IX short, nearly as wide as long; caudal margin with wide V-shaped indentation mesally. Spermathecal sclerite narrow and elongate (Figs. 12, 13a). Tergum IX fused with tergum X; tergum X with shallow apicomesal notch (Figs. 12, 13a). Pupal diagnosis. Ecclisomyia conspersa pupae may be separated from the other three Nearctic Ecclisomyia species by the presence of lateral line gills on abdominal segments IIp��IVa (Fig. 42), lacking in E. bilera, E. maculosa, and E. simulata (Fig. 42). Each apical process of E. conspersa has 3 long, black stout setae at the apex (Figs. 15a, 15b, 17a, 17b), whereas those of E. bilera, E. maculosa, and E. simulata each have 2 long black stout setae at the apex (Figs. 5a, 6a, 7a, 26a, 26b, 27a, 28a, 33a, 33b, 34a, 35a). The apical process lobes of E. conspersa pupae are straight (Fig. 15a), not mesally convergent as in the other Ecclisomyia species, however the apical processes of males of E. simulata may sometimes be directed straight caudad, not mesally convergent. The pupal antennae of the E. conspersa female extend to or slightly posterior to the anterior margin of abdominal segment VI, and may extend to the anterior margin of abdominal segment VII. In the other three species the female pupal antennae extend only to the posterior margin of abdominal segment V. Pupal description. Length 11��15 mm (N = 10). Head: Black to dark brown. Male antennae extending to posterior margin of abdominal segment VIII; may extend caudad of anterior margins of apical processes. Antennae of female extending to anterior margin of abdominal segment VII; may extend to posterior margin of segment VII. Labrum light brown; posterior margin convex, rounded anteriorly, with 10 long black setae on dorsal surface, apices of setae hooked (Fig 20a); anterior margin with 2 pairs of short, translucent setae, each pair lateral of meson. Mandibles reddish brown each with broad base, narrowing apically, forming thin flattened tooth, mesal margin minutely serrated (serrations difficult to discern with light microscope); ventral base with 2 long black setae (Fig. 20b). Thorax: Pro-, meso-, and metanota dark brown. Pro-, meso-, and metathoracic legs brown to yellow-brown. In mature pupae pro-, meso-, and metatibiae each with both single and paired short black spines; tarsal segments of all legs with both single and paired short black spines. Immature pupae without spines. Procoxae of both mature and immature pupae each with 1 long black setae near lateral margin and 4��10 shorter black setae on ventral surface. Mesocoxae each with 1��3 black seta on ventral surface. Profemora each with single short black spine on ventral surface near distal margin. Mesotarsal segments 1��4 each with pair of lateral fringes of long reddish to white hairs directed posterad. Abdomen: Lateral fringe on each side consisting of long, fine, hair-like black setae, directed dorsad; line of fringe arching ventrad to segment VIII. Abdominal gills present; dorsal, lateral, and ventral gills each singlefilament; present dorsoposteriorly and ventroposteriorly on segments II��VII; present dorsoanteriorly and ventroanteriorly on segments III��VII; lateral line gills present anteriorly on segments III and IV, posteriorly on segments II and III (Fig. 42). In more mature pupae dorsal and ventral gills on segments IIp��Va subdorsal and subventral, respectively; gills on segments Vp��VIIIp dorsal and ventral. Two lateral-line gills on each side of the abdomen positioned such that one gill is dorsal of lateral line and one ventral of lateral line (Fig. 42). Dorsal process of segment I rugulose, with 2 black sa 2 setae each positioned lateral of meson; posterior margin sinuate, lightly sclerotized, brown, forming pair of denticulate submesal lobes, each lobe with 6��8 small, short spicules (Figs. 20d); shape of dorsal process varies with maturity of pupa. Hook plates on abdominal segments III��VII (Figs. 20c, 38, 41). Pairs of hook plates present anteriorly on segments III��VII, posteriorly on segment V. Hook plates IIIa each with 3 to 4 hooks; IVa with 2��5; Va with 3��5; Vp with 10��22; VIa with 3��5; VIIa with 2��5. Hook plates rugose, hooks reddish-brown, directed posterad on hook plates IIIa��VIIa; directed anterad on elliptical hook plate Vp. Dorsal abdominal segments each with 1 pair of long black sa 2 setae on each of segments I��V; segment V may have 2 pairs of short black setae; segment VI with 1 pair of sa 1 setae, short and difficult to discern and with 1 pair of short black sa 2 setae, and an additional 2��4 pairs of long black setae lateral of meson, sa 2 setae longer than lateral setae. Segment VII with 3��4 pairs of black setae lateral of meson near posterior margin of segment, sa 2 setae longer than lateral setae. Abdominal segment VIII with 3��7 setae lateral of meson. Venter of abdominal segments II��VIII each with pair of short black sa 2 setae, and segments III��VII each with pair of short black sa 3 setae. Segment VIII with additional 2��3 short black to translucent setae lateral of meson, near posterior margin of segment (Fig. 20c). Posterior area of segments VIII and IX with secondary reddish hl setae. Distal area formed into 2 caudal lobes (anal processes), caudal area of each lobe appearing punctate due to numerous reddish spicules, punctation difficult to discern with light microscope. (Figs. 15a, 17a). Caudal lobes each with 3 long, black, stout setae on distal margin of each lobe; each lobe with 2 shorter black, stout setae along mesal surface (Figs. 15a, 16a, 17a, 18a). Dorsal surface of apical processes each with transverse row of 6��10 fine black setae (Figs. 15a, 17a). Lobes of apical processes extending caudad, not curving mesad; lateral margins rugose; ventral surfaces with numerous long black setae (Figs. 15b, 16b, 17b, 18b). Pupal case. Length 14��16 mm (N = 5), width at anterior end 2.5��4.0 mm; width at posterior end 2.0��3.5 mm (N = 9). Anterior end of pupal case 0.5 mm wider than posterior end (Fig. 43b). Case compact, constructed of large pebbles, interstitial spaces between larger pebbles filled with smaller grains of sand. Ends of case less compact, with small open areas to permit flow of water; an inner silk lining enclosing pupae. Larval diagnosis. The E. conspersa larva may be separated from the other three Nearctic species by the presence of lateral line gills on abdominal segments II��IV (Fig. 42), lacking in E. bilera, E. maculosa, and E. simulata (Fig. 42). The E. conspersa larva has anterodorsal and anteroventral gills on abdominal segment VII, lacking on the E. maculosa larva. Ecclisomyia conspersa is without dorsoanterior gills on abdominal segment II, but E. simulata larva has them (Fig. 42). The larva of E. conspersa is larger (9��16 mm) than larvae of the other three species of Nearctic Ecclisomyia (9��12 mm) long. Larval description. See Flint (1960, 240); Wiggins (1996, 304, Fig. 20.14). A supplementary description follows: Length (mature instar) 12��16 mm (N = 8). Mature E. conspersa larva from Colorado 9��10.5 mm (N = 2). Head: Dark brown to reddish brown; area about coronal suture and lower posterior frontoclypeal suture yellowish; muscle scars on frontoclypeus and lateral of coronal suture indistinct; muscle scars numerous, distinct posterior and ventral of eyes on parietals. Parietals reddish brown, glabrous. Mandibles black, each with 4 small, blunt apical teeth (Fig. 19a). In mature larva, mesal tooth of each mandible sometimes so worn that only 3 blunt apical teeth apparent; mesal margins of mandibles each with tuft of translucent feather-like setae (Fig. 19a); posterolateral area of each mandible with 1��2 short translucent setae; ventral apodome triangular; 1.23��5.00 X longer than ventral ecdysial line (N = 6) (Fig. 19b); ventral apodome length to length of ventral ecdysial line increasing with maturity of instar. Primary setae in positions 7, and 9��17 (Fig. 19a); primary setae in position 7 short, reddish; primary setae in position 9 long, black; primary setae in primary position10 short, translucent; primary setae in position 11 fine, short, translucent or black; primary setae in position 12 short; primary setae in position 13 short, translucent, hard to discern; primary setae in positions 14, and 15 long, black; primary setae in position 16 short, translucent, hard to discern; and primary setae in position 17 long and black; primary setae in positions 11, 13, 16, and 18 sometimes absent; venter of head with primary setae in positions 8 and 18 (Fig. 19b); setae short, translucent, difficult to discern. Frontoclypeus reddish brown, wide anteriorly, narrowed posteriorly, triangular, glabrous except for primary setae in positons 1��6 (Fig. 19a); primary setae in positon 1 short, translucent; primary setae in positions 2 and 3 long, reddish; primary setae in position 4 translucent, appressed, long; primary setae in position 5 long, black; primary setae in position 6 short, translucent. Labrum reddish brown to dark brown; primary setae in positions 1��6 (Fig. 19a); primary setae in positions 1 and 3 short, translucent, difficult to discern; primary setae in position 2 and 4��6 short, translucent; light, short translucent setae present at anterolateral corners of labrum, forming sparse setal tuft. Cardo sclerites rectangular. Submental sclerite with 2 short black setae set lateral of meson; setal sockets prominent. Thorax: Pro- and mesonota yellowish brown, nota with mesal yellow strip; metanota sclerites brown. Posterior margin areas of pro- and mesonota black, sclerotized; black sclerotized area of mesonotum curving halfway anterad along lateral margins. Mesonotal lateral processes triangular, black. Pro- and mesonota with mesal yellow stripe. Muscle scars indistinct on mesonotum lateral of yellow striping. Pronota with 8��12 long, black slender setae set equidistant along margin; short translucent setae set between these setae along anterior margin. Pronotal halves each with 4��7 long, black setae posterior to mid-dorsal transverse groove. Mesonotum with black setae in 3 distinct groups roughly corresponding to sa 1, sa 2, and sa 3 positions. Metanotal sa 1 sclerites triangular, each with 4��6 black ls setae. Metanota sa 2 sclerites each with 9��12 black ls setae. Metanotal sa 3 sclerites parenthesis-shaped, each with 10��15 black ls setae on anterior third of sclerite. Prosternal horn short, lightly sclerotized. Prosternal sclerite present, lightly sclerotized. Legs reddish brown. Foretrochantins dark brown; forming tent-like structures over procoxae. Procoxae with primary setae in positions 1 and 2. Ventral edge of each profemur with 2 long stout, reddish sl setae and short, translucent to reddish sl setae along ventral margin (Fig. 21a). Ventral edge of each mesofemur with translucent to reddish short sl setae along ventral margin; these sl setae sometimes also occurring along ventral margin of metafemora, but indistinct if present. Pro-and mesotibiae each with short translucent sl setae along distal ventral margin; these sl setae lacking along ventral margin of each metatibia. Protibiae and protarsi each with primary black seta in position 3 (Figs. 21a, 21b). Ventral margins of pro-, meso-, and metatrochanters with distal trochanteral brush, setae feather-like, translucent, extending to proximal ventral surface of each femur (Figs. 21a��21c). Trochanters of all legs with primary setae in positions 2, 3, and 5; primary setae in position 5 may be absent (Figs. 21b, 21c). Meso- and metacoxae each with primary seta in position 2. Coxal sclerites with 6��17 black ls setae on dorsal margin. Profemora with primary setae in position 2. Mesofemora with primary setae in positions 2 and 3. Metafemora with primary setae in positions 2, 3, and 4 (Fig. 21c). Pro- and mesotrochanters each with single short clear sl seta adjacent to primary seta in position 3. Mesofemora each with 2 long black ls setae on ventral surface. Abdomen: Abdominal segment I with 11��17 black ls and ss setae on and lateral of dorsal hump. Dorsal hump generally without sclerites. Lateral humps without sclerites, each with 6 or 7 short black setae dorsally, sometimes with sclerotized bases. Ventral base of each lateral hump with 1 or 2 black ls setae. Area ventral of each lateral hump with 5 short black setae. Venter of abdominal segment I with 17��27 black short setae with prominent setal sockets; posterior setae with sclerotized bases. Venter of abdominal segment I sometimes with pair of sclerites or small sclerotized areas lateral of longitudinal axis, each with 2��4 black ls setae, bases of setae sclerotized. Abdominal gills present; dorsal and ventral abdominal gills each single-filament; present dorsoposteriorly and ventroposteriorly on segments II��VII; present dorsoanteriorly and ventroanteriorly on abdominal segments III��VII; 2 lateral-line single filament gills on each side of abdomen present anteriorly on segments III and IV and posteriorly on abdominal segments II and III, positioned such that one gill dorsal of lateral line and one gill ventral of lateral line (Fig. 42). Early instar larvae 2.5 mm long sometimes lacking gills; instar larva 4.5��5.0 mm in length with only dorsoposterior and ventroposterior gills on abdominal segments II��VII and with no anterior gills; some larva 5.0 mm long with lateral-line gills and full complement of dorsal and ventral gills. Dorsum of abdomen with short, black sa 1 setae on abdominal segment I; dorsum of abdominal segments II��VII with short, black sa 2 setae; dorsal abdominal segments VI and VII sometimes with sa 2 setae long and fine, not short and fine, and sometimes each adjacent to l short, black setae. Segment VIII sometimes with 2 to 3 black to reddish setae adjacent to each sa 2 seta. Venter of abdominal segment II with pair of short black sa 1 setae lateral of meson; venter of abdominal segment IX with 2 black ls setae and 2 ss black setae, mesal pair shorter. Abdominal tergum IX with elliptical sclerite bearing 4��6 long, black, stout setae spaced equidistant from each other along posterior margin; surface of sclerite with 5��7 shorter, black to translucent setae. Lateral fringe of hl setae on each side extending from anterior of (sometimes posterior of) abdominal segment III to anterior of segment VIII. Chloride epithelia present on venters of abdominal segments III��VII; chloride epithelia sometimes visible only on segments IV��VII. Anal prolegs brown; lateral sclerites each with basal tuft of 2 long, black to reddish-black stout setae and 2 fine, short, black to reddish-black setae; dorsoposterior margin with 3��4 black ls setae; 7��11 short, black setae on dorsal surface. Sole plates each with single black seta near distal-ventral margin. Caudal margin of each anal hook with 3��4 short black setae and with small dorsal denticule. Caudal lobes glabrous, except for minute sl tan to reddish spicules on either side of anal opening. Distribution. Of the Nearctic Ecclisomyia species, E. conspersa has the widest geographical distribution (Denning 1951, Ross 1950). Material examined during this study included Alaska, Alberta, British Columbia, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, and Yukon Territories. This species has also been reported from New Mexico (Nimmo 1971) and Wyoming (Swegman & Ferrington 1980). Ecclisomyia conspersa has been recorded from British Columbia (Ross & Spencer 1952; Nimmo 1971) and the Yukon Territories (Nimmo 1971). Ross (1950) listed E. conspersa from Alberta. Rasmussen and Morse (2014) listed E. conspersa from Utah and the Yukon Territories. Givens (2014) recorded E. conspersa as occurring in Lassen Volcanic National Park, California. Bionomics. See Nimmo (1971), Irons (1988), and Wiggins (1996). I have collected Ecclisomyia conspersa from an altitudinal range of 318��1966 m. Nimmo (1971) indicated an altitude range of 792��2225 m. Emergence begins in mid-April and extends into mid-August. Ecclisomyia conspersa occupies a wider range of lotic habitats than the other three Nearctic Ecclisomyia species. My collections indicate streams with a width from 0.61��9.10 m, and a depth from 0.13��0.91 m. Streams usually were characterized by a substrate of cobble, gravel, and sa Published as part of Givens, Donald R., 2018, The Nearctic Ecclisomyia species (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae), pp. 201-259 in Zootaxa 4413 (2) on pages 215-227, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4413.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1227343 {"references":["Banks, N. (1907) Descriptions of new Trichoptera. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 8, 117 - 133.","Ross, H. H. (1950) Synoptic notes on some Nearctic limnephilid caddisflies (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae). American Midland Naturalist, 43 (2), 410 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2421910","Anderson, N. H. (1976) The distribution and biology of the Oregon Trichoptera. Technical Bulletin 134. Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 152 pp.","Denning, D. G. (1951) Records and descriptions of Nearctic caddis flies, Part III. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 24 (4), 157 - 162.","Schmid, F. (1955) Contribution a`l'etude des Limnophilidae (Trichoptera). Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 28, 1 - 245.","Flint, O. S. Jr. (1960) Taxonomy and biology of Nearctic Limnephilid larvae (Trichoptera), with special reference to species in Eastern United States. Entomologica American a, 49, 1 - 120.","Nimmo, A. (1971) The adult Rhyacophilidae and Limnephilidae (Trichoptera) of Alberta and Eastern British Columbia and their post-glacial origin. Quaestiones Entomologicae, 7 (1), 3 - 234.","Baumann, R. W. & Unzicker, J. D. (1981) Preliminary checklist of Utah caddisflies (Trichoptera). Encyclia, 58, 27 - 29.","Herrmann, S. J., Ruiter, D. E. & Unzicker, J. D. (1986) Distribution and records of Colorado Trichoptera. The Southwestern Naturalist, 31 (4), 421 - - 457. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 3671699","Irons, J. G. III (1988) Life history patterns and trophic ecology of Trichoptera in two Alaskan (U. S. A.) subarctic streams. Canadian Journal Zoology, 66, 1258 - 1265. https: // doi. org / 10.1139 / z 88 - 184","Schmid, F. (1998) The Insects and Arachnids of Canada. part 7. Genera of the Trichoptera of Canada and Adjoining or Adjacent United States. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, Ontario, 319 pp.","Wiggins, G. B. (1996) Larvae of the North American Caddisfly Genera (Trichoptera), Second Edition. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, Ontario, 457 pp.","Givens, D. R. (2014) An annotated list of caddisflies (Trichoptera) collected in Lassen Volcanic National Park, California, U. S. A. during 2011 - 2013. Entomological News, 124 (3), 153 - 175. https: // doi. org / 10.3157 / 021.124.0301","Swegman, B. G. & Ferrington, L. C. Jr. (1980) New records of Western Trichoptera with notes on their biology. Great Basin Naturalist, 40 (3), 287 - 291.","Ross, H. H. & Spencer, G. J. (1952) A preliminary list of the Trichoptera of British Columbia. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of British Columbia, 48, 43 - 51.","Ramussen, A. K. & Morse, J. C. (2014) Distributional checklist of Nearctic Trichoptera (Summer 2014). Florida A & M University, Tallahassee, Available from http: // www. Trichoptera. org (accessed 22 January 2015)."]}
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a6de64834f643d8bd0085cb3890a727e Zobrazit plný text záznamu