The male mammary gland: A target for the xenoestrogen bisphenol A
| Autor: | Carlos Sonnenschein, Beverly S. Rubin, Cheryl M. Schaeberle, Laura N. Vandenberg, Ana M. Soto |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Offspring medicine.drug_class Mammary gland Biology Toxicology Epithelium Article Mice chemistry.chemical_compound Mammary Glands Animal Phenols Pregnancy Internal medicine medicine Animals Benzhydryl Compounds Dose-Response Relationship Drug Age Factors Estrogens medicine.disease medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Xenoestrogen Mammary Epithelium Gynecomastia Endocrine disruptor chemistry Estrogen Female |
| Zdroj: | Reproductive Toxicology. 37:15-23 |
| ISSN: | 0890-6238 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.01.002 |
| Popis: | Males of some strains of mice retain their mammary epithelium even in the absence of nipples. Here, we have characterized the mammary gland in male CD-1 mice both in whole mounts and histological sections. We also examined the effects of bisphenol A (BPA), an estrogen mimic that alters development of the female mouse mammary gland. BPA was administered at a range of environmentally relevant doses (0.25 – 250 μg/kg/day) to pregnant and lactating mice and then the mammary glands of male offspring were examined at several periods in adulthood. We observed age- and dose-specific effects on mammary gland morphology, indicating that perinatal BPA exposures alter the male mammary gland in adulthood. These results may provide insight into gynecomastia, the most common male breast disease in humans, where proliferation of the mammary epithelium leads to breast enlargement. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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