Cross-Disorder Cognitive Impairments in Youth Referred for Neuropsychiatric Evaluation
| Autor: | Kelsey E Hudson, Alysa E. Doyle, Brian L. B. Willoughby, Hillary L Ditmars, Larry J. Seidman, H. Kent Wilson, Deanna C Toner, Jessica E. Blais, Pieter J. Vuijk, Ellen B. Braaten, Mary K. Colvin, Lauren M. McGrath, Nathan D. Doty, Stephen V. Faraone, Ellen H O'Donnell |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Psychosis Longitudinal study medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent Autism Spectrum Disorder Intelligence Comorbidity behavioral disciplines and activities Article Executive Function Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine mental disorders Reaction Time medicine Humans Cognitive Dysfunction Longitudinal Studies Child Psychiatry Mood Disorders Working memory General Neuroscience Cognition medicine.disease Executive functions 030227 psychiatry Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology Psychotic Disorders Mood disorders Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Autism spectrum disorder Female Neurology (clinical) Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. 24:91-103 |
| ISSN: | 1469-7661 1355-6177 |
| Popis: | Objectives:Studies suggest that impairments in some of the same domains of cognition occur in different neuropsychiatric conditions, including those known to share genetic liability. Yet, direct, multi-disorder cognitive comparisons are limited, and it remains unclear whether overlapping deficits are due to comorbidity. We aimed to extend the literature by examining cognition across different neuropsychiatric conditions and addressing comorbidity.Methods:Subjects were 486 youth consecutively referred for neuropsychiatric evaluation and enrolled in the Longitudinal Study of Genetic Influences on Cognition. First, we assessed general ability, reaction time variability (RTV), and aspects of executive functions (EFs) in youth with non-comorbid forms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), mood disorders and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as well as in youth with psychosis. Second, we determined the impact of comorbid ADHD on cognition in youth with ASD and mood disorders.Results:For EFs (working memory, inhibition, and shifting/ flexibility), we observed weaknesses in all diagnostic groups when participants’ own ability was the referent. Decrements were subtle in relation to published normative data. For RTV, weaknesses emerged in youth with ADHD and mood disorders, but trend-level results could not rule out decrements in other conditions. Comorbidity with ADHD did not impact the pattern of weaknesses for youth with ASD or mood disorders but increased the magnitude of the decrement in those with mood disorders.Conclusions:Youth with ADHD, mood disorders, ASD, and psychosis show EF weaknesses that are not due to comorbidity. Whether such cognitive difficulties reflect genetic liability shared among these conditions requires further study. (JINS, 2018,24, 91–103) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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