Leveraging Stereoelectronic Effects in Biofilm Eradication: Synthetic β-Amino Human Milk Oligosaccharides Impede Microbial Adhesion As Observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy
| Autor: | Kelly M. Craft, Steven D. Townsend, Schuyler A. Chambers, Lianyan L Xu, Johny M. Nguyen, Keevan C. Marion, Jennifer A. Gaddy, Rebecca E. Moore |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Staphylococcus aureus
Anomer Milk Human Anomeric effect 010405 organic chemistry Stereochemistry Chemistry Organic Chemistry Biofilm Oligosaccharides 010402 general chemistry Antimicrobial medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences Article 0104 chemical sciences Negative hyperconjugation Biofilms Microscopy Electron Scanning medicine Molecule Amination |
| Zdroj: | J Org Chem |
| ISSN: | 1520-6904 0022-3263 |
| Popis: | Alongside Edward, Lemieux was among the earliest researchers studying negative hyperconjugation (i.e. the anomeric effect) or the preference for gauche conformations about the C1-O5 bond in carbohydrates. Lemieux also studied an esoteric, if not controversial, theory known as the reverse anomeric effect (RAE). This theory is used to rationalize scenarios where predicted anomeric stabilization does not occur. One such example is the Kochetkov amination, where reducing end amines exist solely as the β-anomer. Herein, we provide a brief account of Lemieux’s contributions to the area of stereoelectronic effects and apply this knowledge toward the synthesis of β-amino human milk oligosaccharides (βA-HMOs). These molecules were evaluated for their ability to inhibit growth and biofilm production in Group B Streptococcus (GBS) and Staphylococcus aureus. While the parent HMOs lacked antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity, their β-amino derivatives significantly inhibit biofilm formation in both species. Field Emission Gun-Scanning Single Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM) revealed that treatment of the β-amino HMOs significantly inhibits bacterial adherence and eliminates the ability of both microbes to form biofilms. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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