Effects of TiO2 Nanoparticles Incorporation into Cells of Tomato Roots
| Autor: | Raúl Borja-Urby, Hugo Martínez-Gutiérrez, Nicolas Cayetano-Castro, Dulce Estefanía Nicolás-Álvarez, José Jorge Chanona-Pérez, Primavera López-Salazar, J.V. Méndez-Méndez, José A. Andraca-Adame |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
TiO2 nanoparticles
0106 biological sciences Scanning electron microscope General Chemical Engineering Young's modulus 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Article morphology and mechanical properties in cells Cell wall symbols.namesake chemistry.chemical_compound tomato root Microscopy General Materials Science QD1-999 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Growth medium Epidermis (botany) Chemistry technology industry and agriculture Vascular bundle Young’s Modulus Transmission electron microscopy symbols Biophysics 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Nanomaterials Volume 11 Issue 5 Nanomaterials, Vol 11, Iss 1127, p 1127 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2079-4991 |
| Popis: | In this study, tomato plants were grown in vitro with and without incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles in Murashige and Skoog (MS) growth medium. The aim of this study was to describe the morphological (area and roundness cell) and mechanical (Young’s Modulus) change in the different tissue of tomato root, epidermis (Ep), parenchyma (Pa), and vascular bundles (Vb), when the whole plant was exposed to TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM), wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) techniques were used to identify changes into the root cells when TiO2 NPs were incorporated. TiO2 NPs incorporation produces changes in the area, roundness, and Young’s Modulus of the tomato root. When tomato root is exposed to TiO2 NPs, the Ep and Vb area size decreases from 260.92 µm2 to 160.71 µm2 and, 103.08 µm2 to 52.13 µm2, respectively, compared with the control area, while in Pa tissue the area size was increased considerably from 337.72 mm2 to 892.96 mm2. Cellular roundness was evident in tomato root that was exposed to TiO2 NPs in the Ep (0.49 to 0.67), Pa (0.63 to 0.79), and Vb (0.76 to 0.71) area zones. Young’s Modulus in Pa zone showed a rigid mechanical behavior when tomato root is exposed to TiO2 NPs (0.48 to 4.98 MPa control and TiO2 NPs, respectively). Meanwhile, Ep and Vb were softer than the control sample (13.9 to 1.06 MPa and 6.37 to 4.41 MPa respectively). This means that the Pa zone was stiffer than Ep and Vb when the root is exposed to TiO2 NPs. Furthermore, TiO2 NPs were internalized in the root tissue of tomato, accumulating mainly in the cell wall and intercellular spaces, with a wide distribution throughout the tissue, as seen in TEM. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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