Resistance to lean mass gain in constitutional thinness in free‐living conditions is not overpassed by overfeeding

Autor: James Minnion, Christophe Montaurier, François-Pierre Martin, Jacques Epelbaum, Joyceline Cuenco, Jörg Hager, Dominique Grouselle, Sylvie Mure, Yves Boirie, Jérôme Carayol, Sofia Moco, Bogdan Galusca, Bruno Estour, Yiin Ling, Thierry Thomas, Nele Gheldof, Natacha Germain, Simona Bartova
Přispěvatelé: CHU Saint-Etienne, University Hospital and University Jean Monnet, Metabolic Health, Nestlé Research, EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, INSERM UMR894-Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (CPN), Universite´ Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Imperial College London, Nestle Research, Switzerland, ROSSI, Sabine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Male
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
Nitrogen balance
lcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal system
Adolescent
Anabolism
Constitutional Thinness
Urine
Weight Gain
Bodyweight gain
lcsh:QM1-695
Excretion
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Thinness
Physiology (medical)
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
Orthopedics and Sports Medicine
Overfeeding
2. Zero hunger
business.industry
Original Articles
lcsh:Human anatomy
Energy gap
3. Good health
[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
Social Conditions
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Body Composition
Anorectic
Lean body mass
Original Article
Female
lcsh:RC925-935
Underweight
medicine.symptom
Energy Metabolism
business
[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Weight gain
Zdroj: Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, Wiley Open Access/Springer Verlag, 2020, 11 (5), pp.1187-1199. ⟨10.1002/jcsm.12572⟩
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 2020, 11 (5), pp.1187-1199. ⟨10.1002/jcsm.12572⟩
Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, Vol 11, Iss 5, Pp 1187-1199 (2020)
ISSN: 2190-6009
2190-5991
DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12572
Popis: International audience; BackgroundConstitutional thinness (CT), a non‐malnourished underweight state with no eating disorders, is characterized by weight gain resistance to high fat diet. Data issued from muscle biopsies suggested blunted anabolic mechanisms in free‐living state. Weight and metabolic responses to protein caloric supplementation has not been yet explored in CT.MethodsA 2 week overfeeding (additional 600 kcal, 30 g protein, 72 g carbohydrate, and 21 g fat) was performed to compare two groups of CTs (12 women and 11 men) to normal‐weight controls (12 women and 10 men). Bodyweight, food intake, energy expenditure, body composition, nitrogen balance, appetite hormones profiles, and urine metabolome were monitored before and after overfeeding.ResultsBefore overfeeding, positive energy gap was found in both CT genders (309 ± 370 kcal in CT‐F and 332 ± 709 kcal in CT‐M) associated with higher relative protein intake per kilo (1.74 ± 0.32 g/kg/day in CT‐F vs. 1.16 ± 0.23 in C‐F, P < 0.0001; 1.56 ± 0.36 in CT‐M vs. 1.22 ± 0.32 in C‐M, P = 0.03), lower nitrogen (7.26 ± 2.36 g/day in CT‐F vs. 11.41 ± 3.64 in C‐F, P = 0.003; 9.70 ± 3.85 in CT‐M vs. 14.14 ± 4.19 in C‐M, P = 0.02), but higher essential amino acids urinary excretion (CT/C fold change of 1.13 for leucine and 1.14 for arginine) in free‐living conditions. After overfeeding, CTs presented an accentuated positive energy gap, still higher than in controls (675 ± 540 in CTs vs. 379 ± 427 in C, P = 0.04). Increase in lean mass was induced in both controls genders but not in CTs (a trend was noticed in CT women), despite a similar nitrogen balance after overfeeding (5.06 ± 4.33 g/day in CTs vs. 4.28 ± 3.15 in controls, P = 0.49). Higher anorectic gut hormones' tone, glucagon‐like peptide 1 and peptide tyrosine tyrosine, during test meal and higher snacking frequency were noticed before and after overfeeding in CTs.ConclusionsThe blunted muscle energy mechanism, previously described in CTs in free‐living state, is associated with basal saturated protein turn over suggested by the concordance of positive nitrogen balance and an increased urine excretion of several essential amino acids. This saturation cannot be overpassed by increasing this spontaneous high‐protein intake suggesting a resistance to lean mass gain in CT phenotype.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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