Positive affect, childhood adversity, and psychopathology in psychiatric inpatients

Autor: Elizabeth McDade-Montez, Marylene Cloitre, Eve B. Carlson, Darryl Etter, Justin R. Gauthier
Přispěvatelé: Initial study supported by Violence and Traumatic Stress Research Branch, NIMH (R29 MH49401)
Rok vydání: 2013
Předmět:
Zdroj: European Journal of Psychotraumatology, Vol 4, Iss 0, Pp 1-9 (2013)
European Journal of Psychotraumatology; Vol 4 (2013) incl Supplements
European Journal of Psychotraumatology
ISSN: 2000-8066
2000-8198
DOI: 10.3402/ejpt.v4i0.20771
Popis: Background: Low positive affect is closely related to common pathological responses to childhood adversity, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, but little is known about how the characteristics of early adversity experiences might be related to positive affect in adulthood. Objective: This study aimed to explore whether low positive affect is related to specific childhood adversities, including abuse, neglect, caretaker dysfunction, and low childhood social support. Method: Using structured interviews and self-report measure data collected from 173 adult psychiatric inpatients, this study examined the relationship between positive affect and symptoms of psychopathology, as well as how the number of types of abuse experienced, severity of adversity types (physical abuse and sexual abuse), childhood environment (childhood social support, neglect, and caretaker dysfunction), and number of non-abuse traumas related to positive affect. Results: Positive affect was significantly negatively related to several symptoms of psychopathology, including depression, dissociation, self-destructive behavior, PTSD, and global psychopathology. Individuals who experienced both physical and sexual abuse reported significantly less positive affect than those with only physical or no abuse experiences. Lower positive affect was predicted by lower childhood social support and greater severity of sexual abuse, with both factors accounting for unique variance in positive affect. Conclusion: These results suggest that individuals who experience multiple types of early adversity, more severe sexual abuse experiences, and less social support are at risk of psychological difficulties. Given the relatively strong association between positive affect and childhood social support, interventions to foster social support may be a means of increasing positive affect among individuals exposed to childhood adversity. Keywords: childhood adversity; positive affect; sexual abuse; social support; trauma (Published: 12 August 2013) For the abstract or full text in other languages, please see Supplementary files in the column to the right (under Article Tools) Citation: European Journal of Psychotraumatology 2013, 4 : 20771 - http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v4i0.20771
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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